高淀粉加工专用型马铃薯育种研究进展

马铃薯淀粉具有其他淀粉不能替代的独特品质和功能,广泛应用于食品加工、化工、医药、纺织、造纸、饲料等领域。国内马铃薯淀粉的年产量远远不能满足市场的需求,高淀粉加工专用型新品种选育是目前我国马铃薯育种的重要目标之一。概述了马铃薯淀粉的特性、需求,国内外高淀粉专用马铃薯的育种现状,马铃薯淀粉产量构成及遗传特性,马铃薯淀粉合成主要相关酶及其基因表达,各种育种途径、方法在高淀粉加工专用马铃薯选育中的应用及研究进展等方面的内容,为马铃薯高淀粉加工专用新品种的选育提供参考。

Research Progress in Breeding Special Potatoes with High Starch Content

Potato starch has a unique quality and function that cannot be replaced by other starch, and it is widely used in food processing, chemical industry, medicine, textile, paper making, feed and other fields. Domestic potato starch production so far could not satisfy the demand of market. Breeding of processing special varieties with high starch content is one of the most important potato breeding targets in our country. This paper summarizes the characteristics of potato starch, demand and breeding status of high starch potatoes at home and abroad,the composition and genetic characteristics of potato starch yield as well as the main enzymes involved in starch synthesis in potato and their gene expression. Application and research progress of all kinds of breeding approach in the breeding of processing special potato with high starch content were scrutinized, hoping to provide guidance for the breeding of special potato varieties.