河北省冀东地区9个主栽春玉米品种的灌浆特性

为明确冀东地区主推春玉米品种子粒发育调控机理,以及为区域品种选择提供理论依据,选用冀东地区9个主栽春玉米品种,对其灌浆特性进行了研究。结果表明,产量以金科玉3306最高,粒收1号最低;金科玉3306的穗行数、行粒数、千粒重分别较其他品种平均高出3.11%、7.69%和6.41%。在产量构成因素和相关性状中,对产量影响最大的因素是行粒数,其次是穗行数和千粒重,增加穗长并兼顾其他性状是提高玉米产量的有效途径。不同品种子粒灌浆参数之间存在较大差异,早粒1号的活跃灌浆期短,但最大灌浆速率和平均灌浆速率均最高;纯玉958的活跃灌浆期最长,但最大灌浆速率最低。产量与最大灌浆速率（R_max）和平均灌浆速率（R）呈正相关,与灌浆持续期（T）、活跃灌浆期（P）呈负相关。说明在保证子粒安全成熟的前提下,选用灌浆持续期短,灌浆速率高的品种,对产量形成有积极作用。综上所述,在冀东地区春玉米品种的选择上推荐金科玉3306、东单913和早粒1号3个品种。

Grain Filling Characteristics of Nine Main Spring Corn Varieties in Eastern Hebei Province

A field experiment was conducted to illustrate grain-filling characteristics and to provide references for variety selection of corn hybrids in Eastern Hebei Province. Nine main spring corn varieties in eastern Hebei Province were selected and planted according to the recommended density, and their filling characteristics were studied. The results showed that the yield was the highest in Jinkeyu 3306 and the lowest in Lishou No.1. The spike row number, grain number and 1000-grain weight of Jinkeyu 3306 were 3.11%, 7.69% and 6.41%, respectively. Among the yield components and traits, the most important factor affecting the yield was the grain number per row, followed by the number of rows and 1000-grain weight. Both increasing the length of the spike and taking into account other traits was an effective way to increase yield. There were large differences in grain filling parameters among different varieties. The active filling period of Zaoli No.1 was short, but the maximum filling rate and the average filling rate were the highest. The active filling period of Chunyu 958 was the longest, but the maximum filling rate was the lowest. The yield was positively correlated with the maximum grain filling rate (R_max) and the average grain filling rate (R), It was negatively correlated with grouting duration (T) and active grouting period (P). Under the premise of ensuring the safe and mature grain, the selection of the varieties with moderate filling duration and high filling rate had a positive impact on the yield formation. In general, Jinkeyu 3306, Dongdan 913 and Zaoli No.1 are recommended spring corn varieties in eastern Hebei Province.