不同种类真菌多糖对小麦黄矮病的防治效果

为了筛选小麦黄矮病的真菌多糖防治药剂及其适宜浓度,将云芝、灵芝、虫草等13种真菌多糖稀释成0.1、0.5、1.0、2.0g·L-1溶液,以清水为对照,比较分析了叶面喷施真菌多糖对小麦黄矮病的预防和治疗效果,同时对防效好的1.1%云芝葡聚糖(多糖)与常规植物抗病毒药剂的田间防效进行了比较。结果表明,13种真菌多糖对小麦黄矮病的预防作用都显著高于治疗作用,且真菌多糖间和浓度间差异均显著,其中云芝多糖1.0g·L-1、云芝多糖2.0g·L-1、蜜环菌多糖2.0g·L-1、灰树花多糖2.0g·L-1、猪苓多糖2.0g·L-1的预防效果分别为86.88%、86.58%、86.33%、86.04%和85.97%。1.1%云芝葡聚糖800倍液为适宜喷施浓度,其防效64.27%,保产22.70%,说明云芝多糖是一种有前途的新型小麦黄矮病免疫抑制剂。

Control Effect of Polysaccharides from Different Kinds of Fungi to Wheat Yellow Dwarf

In order to screen fungal polysaccharides pesticide and suitable concentration against wheat yellow dwarf, 13 kinds of fungi polysaccharides from Coriolus versicolor, Ganoderma lucidum, Cordyceps sinensis, and so on were diluted to 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 g·L^-1 , with water as the control (CK). The preventive and therapeutic effect of fungi polysaccharides were analyzed through spraying on wheat leaves, as well as the field control effect of 1.1% Coriolus versicolor dextran (polysaccharides) were analyzed with conventional plant antiviral agents.The results showed that the preventive effect of the 13 kinds of fungi polysaccharides were significantly better than their therapeutic effect; remarkable differences were observed among both different kinds of fungi polysaccharides and different concentration solutions, in which the preventive effect of 1.0 g·L^-1 Coriolus versicolor polysaccharides, 2.0 g·L^-1 Coriolus versicolor polysaccharides, 2.0 g·L^-1 Armillaria mellea polysaccharides, 2.0 g·L^-1 Griflola frondosa polysaccharides, and 2.0 g·L^-1 Polyporus umbellata polysaccharides was up to 86.88%,86.58%, 86.33%, 86.04% and 85.97%, respectively. The 800 times dilutions of 1.1% Coriolus versicolor dextran could obtain a control effect up to 64.27%, and output effort of 22.70%. These results indicated that Coriolus versicolor dextran is a promising neotype immune inhibitor for wheat yellow drawf.