陆地棉色素腺体的表达及其遗传的特殊性

陆地棉种子及各部器官含有有毒物质棉酚,这种情况与棉株各部器官着生有色素腺体的状况有关联。研究结果表明:色素腺体在棉株各器官上的分布极具特殊性,有色素腺体棉与无色素腺体棉杂交后代,不同个体的不同器官上的色素腺体的分布具有多样性;色素腺体密度的不均匀性;色素腺体表达时期的不一致性;以及各种色素腺体类型模式出现频率的不规律性。色素腺体的遗传亦极具特殊性,难于用两对基因质量性状遗传或微效多基因数量性状遗传理论进行圆满解释。本研究倾向于维尔逊和斯密斯提出的“基因对不同器官上色素腺体的表达具有可变的表现度作用”的观点。根据本研究结果,对育种及良繁工作如何提高无色素腺体类型或高色素腺体类型的中选率提出了可减少误判的依据。

The Expression and Genetic Speciality of Pigment Glands in Upland Cotton (G. hirsutum L.)

The auther, based on the previous experimentent results, indicated that there was a speciality in the expression and inheritance of the pigment glands of the hybrid progeny of upland cotton. Its genetic characteristics are shown as follows:1) There were various distribution models of pigment glands in the plant parts of the hybrid progeny of the cotton; 2) The densities of pigment glands on plant parts appeared heterogenoas; 3) The expression time of pigment glands was variable among various parts of plants; 4) The frequencies of various models for the distribution of pigment glands were also uneqnal in hybrid population.The methods for raising the selective effect or retaining the satisfied types in glandless cotton breeding were also put forward in present paper.