鲜食蚕豆主要农艺性状的遗传变异 相关性和主成分分析

对5个鲜食蚕豆品种的11个农艺性状,进行了遗传变异分析、相关性分析和主成分分析。结果表明:鲜籽百粒重、百荚鲜重、单株荚数和荚长变异系数较大,分别为27.88%、17.66%、13.66%和11.22%,生育期变异系数最小(仅0.21%);在相关性上,鲜籽百粒重、百荚鲜重和荚长与鲜籽产量呈极显著正相关,百荚鲜重、鲜籽百粒重、荚长、荚宽四者之间呈极显著正相关,株高与单株荚数、单株荚数与节数、出籽率和节数呈极显著正相关;在主成分分析上,前2个主成分为产量因子和熟性因子,对变异的累计贡献率达94.75%。在性状选择上,首先对变异大的性状进行选择是非常重要的;在品种选择时,应注意选择鲜荚较长、鲜籽百粒重和产量均较高的品种。

Genetic Variation,Correlation and Principal Component Analysis on Major Agronomic Traits of Vegetable Faba Bean

The genetic variation,correlation and principal component analysis on 11 agronomic traits of 5 vegetable faba bean varieties were studied.The results showed that the variation coefficient of 100 fresh seeds weight,fresh weight of 100 pods,pods per plant and pod length was 27.88%,17.66%,13.66% and 11.22%,respectively,while that of growth period was only 0.21%.The 100 fresh seeds weight,fresh weight of 100 pods and pod length were very significantly correlated with the yield of fresh seeds.The fresh weight of 100 pods,100 fresh seeds weight,pod length and pod wide were very significantly correlated with each other.There was a significantly positive correlation between plant height and pods per plant,pods per plant and node number,seed-producing percentage and node number.The yield factor and maturity factor were the first two principal components,and the accumulative contribution rate was 94.75%.It was very important that selecting the agronomic traits with greater variation.The varieties with longer fresh pod,larger 100 fresh seeds weight,and high yield should be selected.