江淮分水岭地区一季稻气候生产潜力评估

为找出江淮分水岭地区水稻限制气象因子,提高研究区水稻现实生产力,利用江淮分水岭地区13个站点1980—2016年逐日地面观测资料,采用逐步订正法对江淮分水岭地区一季稻生长季光合生产潜力(Y_Q)、光温生产潜力(Y_T)、气候生产潜力(Y_W)及气候资源利用率的时空分布进行了研究,并分析了气象因子对气候生产潜力的影响。结果表明:江淮分水岭地区Y_Q,Y_T与Y_W总体呈下降趋势,气候资源利用率随时间变化呈缓慢上升趋势。江淮分水岭地区Y_Q,Y_T在空间分布上较为一致,均沿分水脊线阶梯状平行分布。江淮分水岭分水脊线西北侧为Y_Q,Y_T高值区,脊线附近地区为Y_Q,Y_T中值区,脊线东南侧为低值区。江淮分水岭地区西南部及东北部Y_W高、中部Y_W低。气候资源利用率在空间分布表现为自西向东递增。降水、日最高气温和参考作物蒸散是影响研究区气候生产潜力最主要的3个气象因子。本研究可为江淮分水岭地区一季稻种植优化调整提供理论依据。

Climate Production Potential Assessment of Single-Season Rice in Jianghuai Watershed

In order to found out the limiting meteorological factors of rice in the Jianghuai watershed area, and to improve the actual rice productivity in the study area, based on daily ground observation data of 13 sites in Jianghuai Watershed area from 1980 to 2016, growing season photosynthesis(Y_Q)of Jianghuai Watershed area single-season rice, the potential productivities of potential(Y_T), climate productive potential(Y_W)and the time and space distribution of climate resource utilization were studied, and the meteorological factors impact on the climate productive potential were analyzed. The results show that Y_Q, Y_T and Y_W in the watershed area of Jianghuai River Basin generally showed a downward trend, and the utilization rate of climate resources showed a slow upward trend with the change of time; the spatial distribution of Y_Q and Y_T in the watershed area of Jianghuai was relatively consistent, and they distributed in a stepped parallel manner along the water-splitting ridge line; to the northwest of the ridge line of Jianghuai Watershed, Y_Q and Y_T were high; to the vicinity of the ridge line, Y_Q and Y_T were medium; to the southeast of the ridge line, Y_Q and Y_T were low; Y_W was high and Y_W was low in the southwest and northeast of Jianghuai Watershed; the utilization rate of climatic resources increased from west to east in spatial distribution; precipitation, daily maximum temperature and reference crop evapotranspiration were the three main meteorological factors affecting the climatic production potential of the study area. These results can provide the theoretical basis for the optimization and adjustment of rice planting in the area of Jianghuai Watershed.