北疆棉花“新陆早”系列品种主要性状分析

【目的】为北疆早熟棉种植选择及品种选育提供依据和参考。【方法】对"新陆早"系列41个品种的8个主要性状进行多元统计分析。【结果】皮棉产量与生育期极显著负相关,与铃重显著正相关,与衣分极显著正相关,与籽指、绒长、比强度、马克隆值无显著相关;通过回归分析和通径分析进一步表明,生育期、铃重、衣分与皮棉产量的直接通径系数依次为-0.226、0.203和0.501,回归方程为^Y=819.61-16.83X1+78.47X2+65.13X3;主成分分析显示5个主成分的特征向量累积贡献率达89.371%,依次为产量和品质选择综合因子、产量制约因子、籽指选择因子、生育期选择因子和品质选择因子。【结论】北疆早熟棉较好的协调了产量与品质之间的矛盾;生育期、铃重和衣分是影响产量的主要因素;增大衣分是提高皮棉产量的重要途径;新陆早13号、26号、36号、40号和42号品种综合表现优良。

Analysis on the Main Characters of"Xinluzao"Series Cotton Cultivars in Northern Xinjiang

Objective]The present research was carried out to effectively provide the useful information for planting,choosing and breeding early-maturity cotton variety in Northern Xinjiang.Method]Eight main characters of 41 cultivars in "Xinluzao" series were analyzed by using multivariate statistics.Result]Correlation analysis indicated that lint yield was negatively relative to growth period at 0.01 level,positively relative to boll weight and lint percentage at 0.05,0.01 level respectively,but not significantly relative to seed index,fuzz length,specific strength and micronaire value.Regression analysis and path analysis showed that the direct path coefficients among growth period,boll weight and lint percentage to lint yield was-0.226,0.203,0.501 respectively.The regression equation of them were as follows:Y^=819.61-16.83X1+78.47X2+65.13 X3.Principle component analysis indicated that the characteristic vector accumulated contribution rate of 5 principal components were 89.371%,followed by yield and fibre quality selected comprehensive factor,yield restricting factor,seed index selecting factor,growth period selecting factor,and fibre quality selecting factor respectively.Conclusion]Early-maturity cotton in Northern Xinjiang has better accommodated the contradiction between yield and fibre quality.Growth period,boll weight and lint percentage are main effecting factors of lint yield.Augmenting lint percentage is important approach for increasing lint yield.Xinluzao13,xinluzao26,xinluzao36,xinluzao40 and xinluzao42 were fine cultivars with good synthetical performance.