花生籽仁不同发育时期不同部位主要营养成分变化

本研究以不同油酸花生品种为材料，对籽仁含油量、脂肪酸和蔗糖含量累积规律和基豆先豆间差异及籽 仁不同部位差异进行分析。结果表明，随着花生籽仁的发育，含油量增加且高油品种含油量积累速率高于低油品 种，蔗糖含量下降；不饱和脂肪酸逐渐增加，饱和脂肪酸和超长链饱和脂肪酸逐渐下降，亚麻酸逐渐降低到消失，其 中高油酸材料棕榈酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸的下降速率以及油酸的上升速率高于普通油酸材料。各材料脂肪酸在基豆 和先豆间无显著差异，而含油量基豆高于先豆。成熟籽仁胚中棕榈酸、亚油酸、花生烯酸、山嵛酸和二十四碳烷酸 含量显著高于子叶，含油量、硬脂酸和油酸含量低于子叶，在胚中约含有0.5%左右的亚麻酸，而子叶中未检测到亚 麻酸。本研究结果为选育品质优的油用型和食用型花生品种具有指导意义。

Variation of nutritional components in different developmental stages and different parts of seeds in peanut

In this study, the different oleic acid peanut varieties were used to analyze the accumulation of oil content, fatty acids ,and sucrose content during the seed development of peanut, the differences between apical and basal seeds, and different parts of seeds. The results showed that during the development of seeds, the oil content in? creased, the accumulation rate of oil content in high oil varieties was higher than that of low oil varieties, and the su? crose content decreased. The unsaturated fatty acids gradually increased, saturated fatty acids and very long-chain fatty acids gradually decreased, the linolenic acid gradually decreased to untraceable level, the decrease rate of pal? mitic acid, linoleic acid,linolenic acid and the increase rate of oleic acid in high oleic acid materials were higher than those in normal oleic acid materials. There was no significant difference in the fatty acids of the various materi? als between the apical and basal seeds, while the oil content of the basal seeds was higher than that of the apical seeds; The palmitic acid, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, behenic acid and tetracosanoic acid content in embryos were significantly higher than those in cotyledons. The oil content, stearic acid andoleic acid content in embryos were lower than those in cotyledons. Linolenic acid were about 0.5% in embryo, but not detected in cotyledons. The results could guide the quality selection for the purpose of industrial oil and edible peanut variety.