寄主营养和次生代谢物质对牛角花齿蓟马(缨翅目：蓟马科)产卵选择的影响

为探究牛角花齿蓟马Odontothrips loti的产卵选择及寄主营养和次生代谢物质对其产卵行为的影响，本研究观测了牛角花齿蓟马在苜蓿Medicago sativa、草木樨Melilotus officinalis、红豆草Onobrychis cyri和红三叶Trifolium pratense 4种豆科牧草叶片上的产卵量和卵孵化率，同时测定、分析了牧草主要营养和次生代谢物质含量与蓟马产卵选择的相关性。结果表明，无选择条件下，牛角花齿蓟马在苜蓿上产卵量最高，为59.1粒/复叶，其次是草木樨，15.7粒/复叶，在红豆草和红三叶上的产卵量仅为0.9粒/复叶和1.1粒/复叶。卵孵化率在苜蓿上最高，为85.05%,在草木樨和红豆草上分别为40.09%和39.18%,红三叶上最低，为5.48%。两两选择条件下，牛角花齿蓟马明显偏好在苜蓿叶片上产卵，在其他牧草叶片上不产卵或产卵量极低。相关性分析表明，牛角花齿蓟马的产卵量与寄主可溶性蛋白含量显著正相关(r=0.722,P=0.002),卵孵化率与可溶性蛋白(r=0.673,P=0.004)和淀粉(r=0.586,P=0.017)含量显著正相关。牛...

Effects of host plant nutrients and secondary metabolites on the oviposition selectivity of Odontothrips loti (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

This study aimed to clarify the oviposition preference of Odontothrips loti to different legumes, and the effects of host nutrients and secondary metabolites on its oviposition behavior. The oviposition capacity and egg hatchability of thrips on leaves of four different legume forages, including Medicago sativa, Melilotus officinalis, Onobrychis cyri and Trifolium pratense, were measured. Meanwhile, the contents of main nutrients and secondary metabolites of forages were determined, and their correlations with oviposition selectivity of thrips were also analyzed. The no choice test results showed that the largest amount of oviposition was 59.1 eggs per compound leaf on M. sativa, followed by on M. officinalis with 15.7 eggs per leaf, and the smallest on O. cyri and T. pratense, with 0.9 and 1.1 eggs per leaf, respectively. The highest egg hatching rate was 85.05% on M. sativa, followed by 40.09% on M. officinalis, 39.18% on O. cyri, and 5.48% on T. pratense. In dual choice tests, Odontothrips loti obviously preferred to lay eggs on M. sativa leaves, but there were few eggs laid on the other host plants. Correlation analysis showed that the egg laying amounts were significantly positively correlated with the content of leaf soluble proteins (r=0.722, P=0.002). The egg hatching rate was significantly positively correlated with the content of leaf soluble proteins (r=0.673, P=0.004) and starch (r=0.586, P=0.017), respectively. However, the egg laying amounts were significantly negatively correlated with the content of total phenol (r=-0.771, P<0.001), simple phenol (r=-0.724, P=0.002), tannin (r=-0.755, P=0.001) and flavonoid (r=-0.672, P=0.004) in legume leaves, respectively. This study suggested that O. loti preferred to lay eggs on host plants with higher content of soluble proteins and less contents of total phenol, simple phenol, tannin and flavonoid.