几种植物生长调节剂对苄嘧磺隆胁迫下烟草的生长作用

苄嘧磺隆是一种低毒高效安全的磺酰脲类除草剂,但由于其过度使用在土壤中所形成的残留同样对于后茬敏感作物会产生危害。本研究分析一些植物生长调节剂及其抑制剂对受到苄密磺隆残留危害的烟草生长的影响,设计不同的处理组与对照组在症状出现时间、植株长势以及恢复正常生长方面进行比较。试验中发现茉莉酸(JA)、水杨酸(SA)及它们的抑制剂水杨羟肟酸(SHAM)、二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸二乙胺盐(DIECA)后烟草仍然会出现由于苄密磺隆残留导致的症状如叶片畸形、卷曲、质地脆硬以及黄化。但在其后生长调节方面,施用SA的处理组烟草长势最良好,在特定的试验时间段内(处理及施药后20d内)恢复正常生长的能力最好。相反SHAM与DIECA混合施用下的烟草长势不仅没有得到改善,长势甚至弱于仅用溶剂施用的处理组,且没有样本恢复正常生长。试验结果表明SA可以明显有利于受到土壤中苄嘧磺隆危害下烟草的生长。但是SA的施用方案有待进一步优化以实现更好的效果。

The Effects of Some Plant Growth Regulators on Nicotiana tabacum Affected by the Residue of Bensulfuron-methyl

Bensulfuron-methyl (BSM)is a kind of herbicide of low toxicity,high efficiency and safety,but the residue of herbicide still can cause hazardous to succeeding crops in the field due to the intensive utilization. It was analyzed in this research that the effects brought by some kinds of plant growth regulators on the tobaccos affected by the residue of BSM,and the time of symptom-emergency,the growth vigor as well as the growth-recovering were compared between different treated and control groups. Symptoms caused by BSM on tobaccos cannot prevented by variety kinds of plant regulators and inhibitors i.e. jasmonic acid (JA),salicylic acid (SA), salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM),diethyldithiocarbamic acid (DIECA). However,SA can improve the growth of affected plants,and the ratio of recovered herbicide-treated plants sprayed with SA was the highest. To the contrast,the growth of the herbicide-treated group couldn't gain any improvement sprayed with SHAM and DIECA, which was even weaker than the herbicide-treated tobaccos sprayed with solutions,and the recovered ratio was zero. Thus we found that SA can improve the growth of the plants suffered from the residue problem brought by BSM significantly. But the method of SA-application should be improved to gain a better results.