我国北方地区花生品种的遗传多样性分析

利用SSR分子标记对我国北方地区育种品种以及区试品种共计68个栽培花生品种进行遗传多样性分析,结果表明,104对SSR引物中有15对在品种间存在多态,多态率为14.4%,平均每个标记产生3.8个位点。15对引物的多态信息量在0.397~0.667之间。山东地区花生品种的遗传多样性要高于我国北方其他地区供试品种。小粒组品种的遗传多样性要略高于大粒组品种。聚类分析表明我国北方68个育成和区试品种的遗传相似系数在0.64~0.91之间,分成两个大类,第一个大类可分成四小类,其中第三小类又可以分成六个亚类。这些结果表明我国北方地区现有育成和区试品种的遗传多样性较低,为拓宽花生育种的遗传基础,应从中发掘出有利用价值的品种。

Genetic Diversity of Peanut Cultivars in Northern China

Sixty-eight peanut cultivars and varieties from breeding varieties in northern China and regional trials were analyzed by SSR molecular markers. The results showed that fifteen markers out of 104 SSR markers were polymorphic among cultivars and varieties, accounting for 14.4%. The PIC (polymorphism information content) was between 0.397 and 0.667. The genetic diversity of cultivars from Shandong Province were higher than that from other provinces in the north of China. The genetic diversity of cultivars with small seed were higher than that with large seed.Clustering analysis indicated the genetic similarity was between 0.64 and 0.91 among these 68 cultivars and varieties, and they could be divided into two major categories, and there were four categories under first major category. In the third category, there were six sub-categories. All the results showed that there were few genetic diversity among cultivars and varieties in northern China. In order to widen the genetic base of peanut cultivars, more valuable varieties should be explored from the existing cultivars.