黑龙江省七星河湿地近50年气候变化特征分析

利用黑龙江省81个气象站1961～2007年逐日气温、降水量资料,采用气候学统计方法,对比分析了黑龙江省、双鸭山地区、宝清县、七星河湿地的气温、降水量气候变化趋势特征。结果表明,七星河湿地气温变化趋势与黑龙江省、双鸭山地区气温变暖趋势总体一致;气温升高趋势以年平均最低气温最显著、年平均气温次之、再次是年平均最高气温;七星河湿地对当地（宝清县）气候具有重要的调节作用。宝清县、七星河湿地近50年来年降水量总体呈下降趋势,黑龙江省、双鸭山地区降水量总体上呈增加趋势;在七星河湿地气温显著升高、降水量总体下降趋势下,七星河湿地的保护在水资源方面可能面临着缺水条件的制约,加强人工影响天气工作并充分利用云水资源可能是解决七星河湿地将面临缺水问题的重要途径之一。

Analysis on Climate Variation Characteristics in Recent 50 Years in Qixinghe Wetland of Heilongjiang Province

With the daily average temperature and rainfall data of 81 meteorological stations from 1961 to 2007 in Heilongjiang Province,based on the climate statistic method,the characteristics of climate change were analyzed for air temperature and rainfall in Heilongjiang Province,Shuangyashan Region,Baoqing County and Qixinghe Wetland.The results showed that the change trend of air temperature was warming for Qixinghe wetland,the same as Heilongjiang Province,Shuangyashan Region and Baoqing County.The most warming trend was the yearly average minimum air temperature,the second for the yearly average air temperature,the third for the yearly average maximum air temperature.Qixinghe wetland was very important for the climate modulation of Baoqing County.The change trend of rainfall was decreasing as a whole in Qixinghe Wetland and Baoqing County from 1961 to 2007,the ones were increasing for Heilongjiang Province and Shuangyashan Region.Qixinghe Wetland maybe short of water resource in protecting wetland resource,because the air temperature was evidently increasing and the rainfall trend was decreasing for Qixinghe Wetland.The one of the most important works was enhancing the artificial infection weather and making the most of water resource on protecting Qixinghe Wetland and settling for water resource.