洋麻炭疽病的种子消毒处理Ⅰ.种子含水量与温湯浸种效果的关系

 洋麻炭疽病的种子消毒处理,在現有方法中,虽以冷水溫湯浸种为最好,但杀菌效果仍不能彻底,效果也不稳定。試驗証明,預浸后种子的含水量是决定溫浸效果的关鍵性因素。一般种子在20℃的冷水中預浸12小时,含水量由10%增加到40%,以后在50℃的温水中处理15分钟或52℃处理10分钟,就可获得彻底杀菌的效果。随着預浸时間的延长,种子的含水量相应增加,同时种子間含水量的差异也逐漸减少,更易达到彻底的目的。

EXPERIMENTS ON SEED DISINFECTION FOR THE CONTROL OF KENAF ANTHRACNOSE I. Moisture Content of Seed in Relation to the Effectiveness of Hot-Water Treatment

In the course of investigations on various methods of seed treatments for the control of kenaf anthracnose (Colletotrichum hibisci Pollacci), it was found that the results of the conventional method of hot-water treatment, that is, presoaking in cold water for 3-8 hours, and then at 50-52℃ for 10-15 minutes, were not quite consistent, and varied with different lots of seeds. It was demonstrated in the present experiment, that this inconsistency was mainly due to variations of the moisture content of the seeds after presoaking and priot to hot-water treatment. When seeds were presoaked at a definite temperature (20℃)for 0-24 hours, the efficacy of the treatment was found to correlate fairly well with the increase in moisture contents of the seeds, or with the increase in the length of time of presoaking. Complete disinfection was obtained by treating the seeds at 50℃ for 15 minutes or at 52℃ for 10 minutes after presoaking at 20℃ for 12 hours. The moisture content of such seeds was found to be around 40%, and this figure was considered as a safety matgin in moisture content for successful control of the disease.