红豆草种子形态和营养成分遗传变异分析

为综合评价和筛选红豆草（Onobrychis viciaefolia）优异新品种、鉴定种质，本研究以国内外22份红豆草种质资源为试验材料，对其种子形态特征和营养成分进行了研究。结果表明，22份红豆草种子的形态和营养指标间均差异显著（P<0.05），且营养成分含量平均变异系数大于形态指标变异系数。相关性分析表明，种子面积与周长、长度、宽度之间呈极显著正相关，种子周长与宽度、长度之间呈极显著正相关，千粒重与种子面积、宽度之间呈极显著正相关，与周长、长度呈显著正相关，与种子中粗脂肪含量呈显著负相关。主成分分析表明，影响红豆草种子的主要性状是种子形态特征中的长度、周长和面积，其次为营养指标中的粗蛋白和淀粉含量。聚类分析将22份红豆草种子分为3组。编号2668，9155，13523，2323-2，1994和‘蒙农红豆草’，‘甘肃红豆草’的主成分综合得分排名较高，为进一步研究提供了优良种质。

Genetic Variation Analysis of Morphological Characters and Nutrient Contents of Sainfoin Seed

In order to comprehensively evaluate and select excellent new varieties and identify sainfoin (Onobrychis viciaefolia),the morphological characters and nutrient contents among 22 different germplasms of sainfoin seeds from Russian and domestic as research materials were studied. The results showed that there were significant differences in the morphology and nutrient indexes among 22 sainfoin seeds (P<0.05),and the mean coefficience of variation of nutrient content was greater than the coefficient of variation of morphological index. The correlation analysis showed that seed area was extremely significantly positively correlated with seed perimeter,length and width,and a significant positive correlation between seed perimeter and width,length;There was a extremely significant positive correlation between 1 000 seed weight and seed area,width,and a significant positive correlation between 1 000 seed weight and seed perimeter,length,and a significant negative correlation between 1 000 seed weight and crude fat content. The principal component analysis showed that the main factors affecting the sainfoin seeds were length,perimeter and area in the seed morphological characteristics,followed by the crude protein and starch contents in the nutritional indexes. The cluster analysis divided 22 sainfoin seeds into 3 groups,and the comprehensive scores of materials 2668,9155,13523,2323-2,1994 and Onobrychis viciaefolia ‘Gansu’,Onobrychis viciaefolia ‘Mengnong’ were relatively higher,providing excellent germplasm for further research.