三峡生态屏障区农户参与农业面源污染调控的意愿和行为分析

农业面源污染治理与调控关键在农户,农户参与农业面源污染调控政策的意愿与行为,是政府制定农业环境政策时必须考虑的核心问题.利用三峡生态屏障区688户农户的实地调查数据,以计划行为理论为基础,运用结构方程模型,分析了农户农业面源污染调控的行为态度、主观规范和感知行为控制对参与意愿的影响,以及参与意愿对农户的实际参与行为的影响.实证结果表明:计划行为理论能够较好的解释农户参与农业面源污染调控的意愿和行为,其中农户行为态度、主观规范和感知行为控制对农户参与农业面源污染调控意愿有显著的正向影响,农户参与农业面源污染意愿对农户实际行为也有显著的正向影响.当前,农户对周围的农村环境已经有了较高的感知,他们参与农业面源污染意愿受到感知行为控制的影响而处在重要的转型期.因此,农业面源污染调控的相关职能部门仍需继续关心三峡生态屏障区农村居民的生活和居住环境,进而增强其参与农业面源污染调控意愿与行为,巩固和扩大三峡生态屏障区农业面源污染控制项目取得的成果.

Analysis of Farmers'Willingness and Behavior to Participate in Controlling Agricultural Non-Point Pollution Sources in the Ecological Barrier Zone of Three Gorges Reservoir Area

Farmers play an important role in controlling and regulating agricultural non-point source pollu-tion and their participation and willingness to conduct agricultural nonpoint source pollution control policy is the core issue that must be considered when the government formulates any agricultural environment policy .In an empirical study reported in this paper ,the influences of farmers'behavioral attitude ,subjec-tive norm and perceived behavior control on their willingness to participate in agricultural non-point source pollution control and the influences of their willingness of participation on their actual behavior were ana-lyzed ,based on the theory of planned behavior (T PB ) and the survey data collected from 688 farmer households in the ecological barrier zone of Three Gorges Reservoir Area and using the structural equation model .The study results showed that TPB could satisfactorily interpret farmers'willingness and behavior to participate in controlling agricultural non-point source pollution .Farmers'behavioral attitude ,subjec-tive norm and perceived behavior control had positive influences on their willingness to participate and their willingness of participation had a positive influence on their actual behavior .At present ,farmers have had a relatively strong awareness of the surrounding rural environment .Their willingness to participate in con-trolling agricultural non-point source pollution is affected by their perceived behavior control and they are experiencing an important transition period .Therefore ,the relevant functional departments of agricultural nonpoint source pollution control need to continue to care for the rural residents'livelihood and living envi-ronment in the ecological barrier zone in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area ,enhance their willingness and behavior to participate in pollution control ,and consolidate and expand the achievements made in the agri-cultural nonpoint source pollution control in the area .