松属9种植物叶的解剖结构及抗旱研究

目的]探讨陕西省引种的松属9种植物叶片的解剖结构及其抗旱性。方法]对采自延安大学植物园引种栽培的9种松属植物针叶用石蜡切片法进行解剖学观察与测定,并选取表皮厚度、角质层厚度、下皮层层数、气孔距离及叶肉厚度5项指标,作为9种植物叶片的抗旱性指标,对所测数据进行方差分析和多重比较,最后选取最具代表性的3项叶片抗旱性解剖结构指标进行隶属函数值分析及抗旱性综合评价。结果]综合隶属函数值评定的抗旱性评价结果可知,9种松属植物抗旱性强弱顺序为：美人松〉奥地利黑松〉樟子松〉班克松〉西黄松〉白皮松〉小粒赤松〉欧洲黑松〉华山松。结论]松属9种植物中抗旱性最强的为美人松,最弱的为华山松。

Study on Anatomical Structure of Plants Leaves from 9 Pinus Species and Their Drought Resistance

Objective] The study aimed to discuss the anatomical structure of plant leaves from introduced 9 Pinus species in Shaanxi Province and their drought resistance.Method] The plant leaves from introduced 9 Pinus species selected from the Botanic Garden of Yanan University were observed micro-anatomically and detected by the paraffin slices method.5 indexes of epiderm thickness,cuticle thickness,hypoderm layers and pore distance and mesophyll thickness were selected as the drought resistance indexes of 9 Pinus species leaves and their determined data were made for the variance analysis and multiple comparison.At last,3 anatomical structure indexes of leaf drought resistance with most representativeness were selected to conduct the analysis of the subordinate function values and the comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance.Result] The drought resistance evaluation by synthesizing the subordinate function values showed that,the drought-resistance of 9 Pinus species were in order of Pinus slyvesinformis > Pinus austriaca > Pinus sylvestris > Pinus banksiana > Pinus ponderosa > Pinus bungeana > Pinus densiflora > Pinus nigra > Pinus armandii.Conclusion] Among 9 Pinus species,Pinus slyvesinformis had the strongest drought resistance and Pinus armandii had the weakest drought resistance.