白枸杞瘤螨的虫瘿特点、分布及对枸杞的危害

本文调查了内蒙古托克托县白枸杞瘤螨为害引起的虫瘿在枸杞植株不同方向枝条,不同相对位置枝条,同一枝条上不同部位叶片上的分布,及螨虫对枸杞叶片和果实造成的为害。结果表明,白枸杞瘤螨有较重为害西北方向枝条的倾向。枸杞生长中后期,虫瘿的分布多集中在植株的上、中部和枝条端部的嫩叶上。白枸杞瘤螨为害形成的虫瘿直径在1~7.5mm之间,不同大小虫瘿出现的频率呈正态分布,直径2~4mm的虫瘿占绝大多数。虫瘿直径与其内活螨数量有一定的相关性,虫瘿直径小于4mm时,直径与其内活螨数量呈正相关趋势;直径大于4mm时,呈负相关。受害叶的叶长、叶宽、叶面积及果实的纵径、横径、重量均显著减小,受害叶的叶长、叶宽约为正常叶的3/4,叶面积约为正常叶面积的1/2,干果重量减少11.5%。

Characteristics and distribution of Aceria pallida galls in wolfberry canopy and its effects on host plant

The effect of medium,temperature,and shaking speed,etc.on the yield of thin-walled conidia of fun-gus Ustilaginoidea virens was studied in this paper.The results showed that the maximum amount of conidia was got 7 days post start of growth.Potato broth was the best medium for sporulation of the fungus,and spore yield could be increased greatly when sucrose was added to the broths.Suitable temperature for sporulation was 26 -28℃. Static culture was unfavorable way for sporulation.Shaking culture was favorable way for sporulation,and spore yield increased with increase of rotate speed.Different light conditions showed no effect on the spore yield.