山黄皮果实和叶片挥发油成分分析

【目的】考察山黄皮桂研15号果实(含果肉和果皮)和叶片挥发油化学成分差异,以挖掘山黄皮桂研15号的利用价值,为山黄皮资源的开发利用提供科学依据。【方法】采用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取山黄皮果实和叶片挥发油,通过气相色谱—质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对山黄皮不同部位挥发油化学成分进行分析;通过NIST标准质谱图库分别鉴定各化学组分;经面积归一化法测定山黄皮不同部位挥发油中化学成分的相对含量。【结果】从山黄皮桂研15号果实和叶片中共鉴定出55种化合物,其中萜烯类28种、醇类4种、醛类6种、酮类2种、酯类4种、碳氢化合物类6种、醚类5种。从山黄皮果肉、果皮及叶片挥发油中分别鉴定出20、31和34种化合物,其相对含量占各自挥发油总量的76.97%、95.11%和83.85%。山黄皮果肉、果皮及叶片挥发油的主要成分分别为单萜类化合物β-蒎烯、月桂烯和萜品油烯。因此,山黄皮桂研15号果实和叶片挥发油化学成分以萜烯类化合物(主要是单萜类化合物)和醚类化合物为主。【结论】山黄皮桂研15号果实和叶片挥发油化学成分成分种类和含量存在明显差异,且有独特的挥发油成分。综合成本因素,山黄皮桂研15号叶片挥发油具有更大的开发潜力。

Chemical constituents of essential oils from fruit and leaf of Clausena anisum-olena (Blauco) Merr.

Objective] The differences between the chemical constituents of essential oils from fruit (including pulp and peel) and leaf of C.anisum-olena (Blauco) Merr,were investigated to explore the utilization value of Guiyan No.15 and provide reference for the development and utilization of it.Method]The essential oils were extracted by steam distillation from fruit and leaf of C.anisum-olena.The chemical constituents of essential oils from different parts were analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) method,and identified by Mass Spectral Standard Database NIST.The relative content of chemical constituents of essential oils from differnt parts were determined by area normalization method.Result] Fitty-five compounds in fruit and leaf of C.anisum-olena were identified,including twenty-eight terpenes,four alcohols,six aldehydes,two ketones,four esters,six hydrocarbons and five ethers.Twenty,thirty-one and thirty-four compounds were identified from fruit pulp,peel and leaf of C.anisum-olena respectively.The relative contents of identified compounds accounted for 76.97％,95.11％ and 83.85％ of total essential oils in respective parts.The main constituents in fruit pulp,peel and leaf of C.anisum-olena were monoterpenes,beta-pinene in pulp,myrcene in peel and terpinolene in leaf specificly.Therefore,terpene compounds (mainly monoterpenes) and ethers were the major chemical constituents in the essential oils from fruit and leaf of C.anisum-olena.Conclusion]There are significant differences in chemical constituents and relative contents between essential oils from fruit and leaf of C.anisum-olena,and unique essential oils are indentified.Considering cost,essential oils from leaf of C.anisum-olena have greater potential in development.