农村留守与非留守儿童健康状况调查分析——以连云港市为例

目的]调查连云港地区农村留守和非留守儿童的生活习惯与健康状况及二者之间的关系,为构建农村留守儿童健康管理模式、开展针对性的干预措施提供参考。方法]采用整群抽样方法,使用问卷调查农村中学15～17岁初三年级637位同学的生活习惯和健康状况,其中留守儿童422人(66.2%),非留守儿童215人(33.8%)。结果]农村留守儿童处于亚健康的比例显著高于农村非留守儿童(P<0.05),近视率和贫血率极显著高于农村非留守儿童(P<0.01),此外,农村留守儿童还存在便秘和痔疮现象,但与农村非留守儿童之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。在生活习惯上,农村留守与非留守儿童均存在日饮水量偏少、睡眠时间不足、运动量不足、吸烟、喝酒等问题,且在多数方面,留守儿童的生活习惯问题更为严重。结论]农村留守儿童的健康状况不容乐观,其生活习惯有待改善,值得社会关注。

Health Investigation and Analysis on the Left-behind and Non Left-behind Children in Lianyungang Rural Regions

Objective] Through investigation on the living habits and health status of rural left-behind and non left-behind children in Lianyungang region,so as to provide references for the health management mode construction and targeted interventions for the rural left-behind children in Lianyungang region.Method] Living habits and health status of 637 students,including 422 left-behind children（66.2%） and 215 non left-behind children（33.8%）,aged from 15 to 17 and from grade 3 of rural junior middle schools in Lianyungang region were investigated and analyzed with cluster sampling method and questionnaire survey method.Result] The sub-health rate of left-behind children in Lainyungang rural areas was higher than that of non left-behind children（P0.05）,the myopia rate and anaemia rate were also obviously higher than those of non left-behind children（P0.01）.In addition,the left-behind children have the same rate of constipation and hemorrhoids as the non left-behind children（P0.05）.As to the living habits,all the children have the problems of lack of daily drinking water,sleep and exercise,smoking and drinking etc.And in most areas,the living habits problems of left-behind children were more severe than those of non left-behind children.Conclusion] The health status of rural left-behind children in Lianyungang region is not optimistic.Their living habits need to be improved.