梨主栽品种主要品质性状分析及分布规律研究

为研究梨主栽品种主要品质性状和分布规律,以19个试验站40个梨主栽品种66个样品为试材,测定果实单果重、固形物、可溶性糖、维生素C、石细胞和可滴定酸的含量;应用模糊数学的方法,进行6个因子的模糊评判,并对性状分布规律进行了分析。结果表明,供试梨果可分为8类,品质最优的第1类有杨凌的雪花梨,贵阳的大黄梨,延边的苹博香,郑州的黄金梨,延边的南果梨。所有梨果单果重、固形物、可溶性糖、维生素C、石细胞、可滴定酸的平均测定数值分别为256.80 g、12.11%、8.80%、10.24 mg·kg-1、0.55%、0.27%;变化范围为47.53～684.51 g、6.76%～16.05%、8.01%～10.79%、4.90～25.80 mg·kg-1、0.03%～1.61%和0.09%～1.32%。主要研究结果揭示了梨主栽品种品质现状。

Fruit quality analysis and distribution on main pear cultivars

In order to study the fruit quality and the main fruit characteristic distribution on main pear cultivars, 66 samples from 40 cultivars in 19 experiment stations were used as the experiment materials to determine weight of single fruit, solid substance, soluble sugar, vitamin C, stone cells, and titratable acidity, which were further synthetic evaluated with 6 evaluation factors by fuzzy mathematics method, and the distribution of fruit characters were analyzed. The results showed that these samples can be separated into 8 categories. The pear cultivars of first kind were Xuehua from Yangling, Dahuang from Guiyang, Pingboxiang from Yanbian, Huangjin from zhengzhou, Nanguo from Yanbian, and the average values of fruit weight, solid substance , soluble sugar, vitamin C, stone cell and titratable acidity of all the samples were 256.80 g, 12.11%, 8.80%, 10.24 mg·kg^-1, 0.55% and 0.27%, respectively; the variations were in the range of 47.53-684.51 g, 6.76%-16.05%, 8.01% - 10.79%, 4.90-25.80 mg·kg^-1, 0.03% -1.61% and 0.09%-1.32%, correspondingly. The main results reveal the current situation on fruit quality in pear leading cultivars.