澳洲白绵羊与湖羊在甘肃河西走廊区杂交效果评价

以饲养在甘肃省河西走廊地区的澳洲白绵羊为父本,湖羊为母本进行杂交,测定试验母羊繁殖产羔性能及其杂交后代的生长发育、日增量、饲料消耗及饲料利用经济效益等,对澳洲白绵羊与湖羊的杂交效果进行全面评估。结果表明,澳洲白公羊与湖羊配种受胎率与湖羊纯繁(对照组)差异不显著,参试杂交母羊的产羔率低于对照组,但羔羊成活率高于对照组。相同饲养条件下,澳湖杂交一代试验组(F_1)6月龄以及12月龄公羊和母羊总体平均体质量比湖羊对照组分别提高27.62%和23.02%,差异极显著,体高、体斜长和胸围也比对照组极显著提高。试验组F_1公羊初生～3月龄、3～6月龄和6～12月龄的日增量分别为325.36 g、332.51 g和356.24 g,显著高于对照组。F_1公羊周岁屠宰率和净肉率分别为53.34%和45.30%,显著高于对照组。F_1公羊初生～3月龄、3～6月龄、6～12月龄每100 g体增量饲料消耗费用分别为0.46元、0.99元和1.04元,所对应的对照组湖羊公羊每100 g体增量饲料消耗费用分别为0.58元、1.42元和1.70元,试验组F_1每100 g体增量饲料消耗低于对照组,饲料消耗成本下降,饲养效益提高。研究表明,在甘肃省河西走廊地区选择以澳洲白作为父本,湖羊为母本,是该地区理想的肉羊杂交组合模式之一。

Evaluation of Hybrid Effect between Australian White Sheep and Hu Sheep in Hexi Corridor of Gansu Province

The Australian white sheep in the Hexi Corridor were used as the male parent, and the Hu sheep as the female parent for crossbreeding. In order to evaluate the crossbreeding effect between Australian white sheep and Hu sheep, the performance of the experimental ewes breeding lambs, the growth and development of its hybrid offspring, daily gain, feed consumption and economic benefits of feed utilization were determined. The results showed that the conception rate of ewes crossbreeding with Australian white sheep were not significantly different from pure breeding ewes of Hu sheep,the lambing rate of the participating ewes was lower than that of the control group, but the survival rate of the lambs was higher than that of the control group. With the same feeding conditions, the average body mass of F₁generation male lamb were 27.62% and 23.02% higher than that of control group lamb at ages of 6 months and 12 months, respectively. Meanwhile, the measurement value of crossbred F₁generation sheep chest circumference was also significantly higher than the control group of purebred breeding offspring. The daily gain of the experimental group F₁male lamb were 325.36 g, 332.51 g and 356.24 g, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of the control group at birth to ages of 3 months, 3 months to 6 months and 6 months to 12 months.The slaughter rate and net meat rate of F₁male lamb were 53.34% and 45.30%, respectively, which were significantly higher than the corresponding measured values of their counterparts. The cost of feed consumption per 100g of body mass gain was 0.46 yuan, 0.99 yuan and 1.04 yuan, respectively, for F₁male lamb from newborn to age of 3 months to 6 months and 6 to 12 months.The corresponding consumption cost per 100 g body mass gain of the control group was 0.58 yuan, 1.42 yuan, 1.70 yuan. The test group F₁consumption of feed per 100 g mass gain was lower than that of the control group, this indicated that the feed consumption cost of F₁decreased, and the feeding benefit was improved compared with purebred reproduction of Hu sheep offspring. This study had illuminated that the taking Australian white sheep as the male parent and Hu sheep as the female parent was one of the ideal hybrid combination mode for the mutton sheep in the Hexi Corridor of Gansu province.