自然保护区面积与野生动物空间需求研究进展

自然保护区面积的大小可能对野生动物种群生存产生影响, 也给自然保护区管理带来困难。由于我国自然保护区面积规划还没有一个十分可行的依据, 迫切需要对如何科学确定自然保护区面积的问题进行研究, 如今这也成为我国自然保护区建设与管理研究中一个重要问题。文中简要回顾了自然保护区面积确定的研究进展, 分析了自然保护区面积与野生动物空间需求的关系; 归纳总结了野生动物的空间需求及其类型, 并分析了影响不同类型需求空间的因子和确定方法; 最后, 根据我国自然保护区面积的现状, 提出了依据保护目标种实际需要的空间大小来确定野生动物类自然保护区面积的方法, 以期为自然保护区面积的确定提供参考依据。

Research Advances on Spatial Requirements of Wild Animals and Its Applications in Setting Minimum Area of Nature Reserves

The area of nature reserves can play an important role in the population viability of wild animal inhabiting in these reserves,whereas it can also bring some pressures to nature reserve management.Therefore,it is urgent to do some researches on setting the minimum area of nature reserves,especially as there are no useful measures up to date.Setting the minimum area of nature reserve has now become an important topic in the researches on nature reserve construction and management in China.This paper reviewed the research progresses on setting the area of nature reserve,and then described the relationships between the area of nature reserve and the spatial requirements of wild animals.The spatial requirements of wild animals,as well as their types,were also summarized,and then the factors influencing on spatial requirements of different types and the determining methods were discussed.In addition,some measures were suggested to set the minimum area of nature reserves,especially the wild animal nature reserve in China,based on the space actually required by the protected wild animals.The results should be also beneficial to set the minimum area of other types of nature reserves in China.