贵州省黔东、北片区太子参安全用药技术探讨

通过2012-2013年在贵州省黔东、北片区对太子参调查结果表明：太子参发生有害生物种类11种,其中,病害8种,虫害3种;太子参种植地发生杂草28科99种;使用农药种类有46种,其中,杀虫剂有9种、杀菌剂有26种、除草剂有9种、生长调节剂有2种;农药使用情况为采用土壤处理和种子处理为基础,在生长期间根据田间发生病虫种类使用农药,在种植后出苗前使用触杀除草剂＋芽前除草剂;生长期使用选择性除草剂;倒苗后使用触杀除草剂;存在问题：一是部份药农不进行土壤消毒和种子处理,二是部份药农不根据田间发病情况用药,采取2～3种杀菌剂加杀虫剂加叶面肥混合施用,三是未在防治适期施药,四是施药时用水量不足,施药不均,五是乱施乱用除草剂,药害发生普遍.

Discussion On Pesticides Safety Use Techniques for Pseudostellaria Heterophylla in Eastern and Northern Guizhou

Pseudostellaria heterophylla were investgated in east and north Guizhou from 2012 to 2013. there are 11 pests and diseases for pseudostellaria hetero ph.ylla , 8 diseases and 3 pestes respectively. there are 28 families and 99 kinds weeds and 46 kinds of pesticides in plantation. pesticides. fuangicides , herbicide and growth regulator were 9 , 26, 9 ,2 kinds respectively. Generally the pesticides were used on the dealing with soil and seeds. the pesticides application depend on the growth, from planting before emergence of seedling applied contact herbicides and preemergence herbicides. during the growth its use the selective herbicides. after the plant falling its use contact herbicides. There are several problems on the pesticide application： firstly partly pesticides were not dealing with soil and seeds. secondly the application of pesticides was not depend on the growth. 2 or 3 pesticides with fungicides applied on the leaf only. thirdly the application time was not suitable. fourthly it＇s not evenly to apply the pesticides. fifthly confusionly to use herbicides , there are widely occurrence of herbicides damage.