马铃薯地上垄体栽培模式中害虫的防控技术

随着黑龙江省马铃薯地上垄体栽培模式推广面积的逐年增加,其害虫的防控技术已经成为制约该模式下马铃薯生产的重要环节,为解决这一问题,特设立6种化学及生物杀虫剂(5%吡虫啉乳油2 000倍液、3%啶虫脒乳油3 000倍液、48%乐斯本乳油2 000倍液、30%速克毙乳油2 000倍液、40%氧化乐果乳油2 000倍液、2%阿维菌素乳油2 000倍液)进行马铃薯瓢虫及蚜虫的田间药效比较试验及3%啶虫脒乳油对马铃薯瓢虫幼虫的室内杀虫活性的测定。经过对校正防效和虫口减退率比较分析,结果表明:3%啶虫脒乳油对马铃薯瓢虫与蚜虫施药7 d后的防效最高,分别达到84.94%和94.99%;其虫口减退率也最高,分别达到77.12%和92.04%。通过对LD50值比较6种药剂对马铃薯瓢虫的毒力,其中毒力最大的为3%啶虫脒乳油,LD50值为0.05。3%啶虫脒乳油对马铃薯瓢虫幼虫的72 h LD50为21.22 mg/L。由此可见,3%啶虫脒乳油是防治马铃薯瓢虫及蚜虫的有效药剂。

Pest Prevention and Control Technology for Potato Grown in Aboveground Ridge Cultivation Model

With increase in the area planted to potato in aboveground ridge cultivation model in Heilongjiang province,the pest prevention and control technology become an important part in potato production in this area.In order to solve the problem of pest control,six pesticides(5% Imidacloprid EC 2 000 times liquid,3% Acetamiprid EC 3 000 times liquid,48% Chlorpyrifos EC 2 000 times liquid,30% Fenpropathrin omethoate EC 2 000 times liquid,40% Omethoate EC 2 000 times liquid,and 2% Abamectin EC 2 000 times liquid) were tested in field for ladybug and aphid control,and further 3% Acetamiprid EC was measured indoor for its insecticidal activity on larva of potato ladybug.According to the comparative analysis for corrected control effect and reducing rate,the results showed that for 3% Acetamiprid EC 7 d after sprayed for control of potato ladybug and aphid,corrected control effect was 84.94% and 94.99% and reducing rate was 77.12% and 92.04%,respectively.The effectiveness of 3% Acetamiprid EC was better than other pesticides.Based on the comparison of the value of LD50,the highest toxicity was 3% Acetamiprid EC in six pesticides for potato ladybug control,with LD50 value being 0.05 mg/L.The 3% Acetamiprid EC 72 h LD50 for potato ladybug larva was 21.22 mg/L.Thus,it could be concluded that 3% Acetamiprid EC was an effective pesticide for the prevention and control of potato ladybug and aphids.