辽宁省矿区水土流失现状及治理方略

辽宁省广大水土保持工作历时10个月,亲自到各矿山进行实地调查,通过对调查资料的统计分析,发现辽宁省矿区具有矿点数量多,分布广,开采历史长,废弃矿点相对较多,水土流失强度大,流失量大,恢复治理率低,对生态环境破坏剧烈等特点,并根据破坏迹地特点和辽宁省实际情况提出了“创新机制,加大投入;因矿制宜,科学规划;先易后难,梯次推进;加强科研,提高效率;软硬兼施,综合治理”的生态重建方略。

Current Situation of Soil Erosion and Anti-erosion Measures in Mining Area of Liaoning Province

The effect of mining in damaging the enviroment is becoming greater, and is threatening the regional sustainable development. Soil and water loss in the mining area of Liaoning Province is investigated and analysed. Results indicate that: there are many mining operations and they are broadly districuted;minig has take place for a long time; there are many abandoned mines;soil and water loss is intense and average loss is high; a few areas have been restored;and,overall,the environmental damage is serious.Based on mine characteristics and the situation of Liaoning Province, a series of countermeasures to environmental damage are put forward, including reform mining systems,increase capital investment; stage the improvement of mines starting with the easily modified operations first;increase efficiency; enhance scientific and technical knowledge; apply new technology;and implement existing policies.