31种植物甲醇提取物对荔枝霜疫霉菌和炭疽病菌的抑菌活性测定

以荔枝霜疫霉菌(Peronophythora litchii和荔枝炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)两种荔枝上最为重要的病原真菌为供试菌,采用含毒介质的生长速率培养法,对采自广东省的31种植物的甲醇提取物对病原菌菌丝线性生长的抑菌活性进行离体测定.结果表明:在0.01 g/mL浓度下,对荔枝霜疫霉菌抑菌率大于60％的植物有9种,其中黄石斛(Dendrobium tosaense)、毛唇芋兰(Nervilia fordii)、葛(Pueraria phaseoloides)和土牛七(Thunbergia grandiflora)4种植物甲醇提取物的抑菌率达到100％;对荔枝炭疽病菌抑菌率大于60％的植物有2种,其中一点红(Emilia sonchifolia)的抑菌率达到100％,地丁草(Corydalis bungeana)的抑菌率为71.35％;同时对两种病原菌的抑菌率都大于50％的是地丁草(C bungeana).

Antifungal activities in methanol extracts of 31 plant species against Peronophythora litchii and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

31 plant species collected from Guangdong province were screened for their antifungal activities against Peronophythora litchii and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,the most important plant pathogens of Litchi.The antifungal compounds of the plant species were extracted with methanol.The antifungal activities of 31 methanol extracts were tested for their inhibition of mycelial radial growth at concentration of 0.01 g/mL.The results showed that the inhibitory rate of methanol extracts of 9 plant species were larger than 60% against P.litchii.Among them,the inhibitory rate of 4 plant species was 100%,they were Dendrobium tosaense,Nervilia fordii,Pueraria phaseoloides and Thunbergia grandiflora,respectively.As to C.gloeosporioides,the inhibitory rate of Emilia sonchifolia reached 100% while the inhibitory rate of Corydalis bungeana was 71.35%.To both of the P.litchii and C.gloeosporioides,only the inhibitory rate of methanol extracts of C.bungeana was larger than 50%.