鹿角海萝的繁殖生物学及室内培养的研究

在鹿角海萝Gloiopeltis tenax藻体生育期内，观察了大连沿海鹿角海萝的自然生态及藻体生长过程；在繁殖期内定期采集种藻进行孢子放散，测定了藻体生长、孢子放散量与水温的关系；使用培养皿、贝壳等附着基采集四分孢子和果孢子并在室内进行培养。结果表明：1）鹿角海萝在大连沿海的生育期为10月至翌年7月，藻体在4月下旬至5月上旬生长最快，此阶段水温为6～9℃。2）鹿角海萝的繁殖期为4月下旬至6月下旬（水温6～12℃），其中果孢子体在4月下旬至5月中旬（水温6～10℃）放散，放散高峰为5月上旬，最高放散量为0．9×10^6个／g；5月上旬至6月下旬（水温9～12℃）四分孢子体开始放散，高峰期为6月上旬，最高放散量为1．65×10^6个／g。3）四分孢子和果孢子附着后均可萌发形成盘状体，盘状体直径达250um左右时形成直立枝，盘状体和直立枝在每天上午和下午各干露2h条件下，生长速度明显快于对照组，直立枝经在室内培养成为鹿角海萝幼苗。

Reproductive biology and indoor cultivation of sea weed Gloiopeltis tenax

Natural ecology and growth of sea weed Gloiopeltis tenax were observed in coastal Dalian. Development of the tetrasporophytes and gametophytes and release of tetraspores and carpospores onto substrata such as Petri dishes and shells were studied under different water temperature in an indoor culture in Dalian. The results showed that the fronds were found in October and vanished in July of the next year, the maximum length being observed during the last ten days of April at 6 ℃ and the first - ten days of May at 9 ℃. The reproductive period of the carposporophytes and tetrasporophytes was last from early April at 6℃ to mid - June at 12 ℃, and the carposporo- phytes were released from late April at 6 ℃ to mid - May at 10 ℃, with the peak period at 0.9 × 10^6 cells/g in early May. The tetrasporophytes were released from early May at 9 ℃ to mid -June at 12 ℃, with the peak at 1. 65 × 10^6 cells/g at late May. Both carpospores and tetraspores were attached to the substrata, and thereafter gave rise to crusts which developed into erect thalli with about 250 um in diameter. The crusts and erect thalli exposed to the air for two hours in the morning and afternoon exhibited better growth than those in normal culture. The germlings of the sea weed had been obtained from erect thalli generated from the crusts in the indoor culture.