西部干旱半干旱地区水资源合理利用问题探讨

中国西部干旱半干旱地区约占全国土地面积的37.1％,降水稀少,蒸发量大,具有独特的水资源特征。该区域水资源的开发利用面临水资源短缺、地下水超采、地下水位下降、荒漠化加剧、水资源污染严重等问题。要合理开发利用该区域水资源,可考虑实施水资源管理战略,提高公众环境意识,并综合运用行政、经济、法津等手段,确保水资源的可持续利用。

Reasonable Usage Issues of Water Resource in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas of West China

The arid and semi-arid areas in the west part of China comprise about 37. 1% of the total national land. Scarce precipitation and intense evaporation make these areas unique in terms of water resources. There are many problems in these areas, such as shortage of water, excessive pumping of underground water and lowering of the ground water level, drastic desertification, and severe pollution of water resources due to exploitation. In order to use local water resources properly, it is necessary to consider implementing a management strategy for water resources and enhancing public awareness of the environment, together with the integrating administrative, economic, legal means and so on, for management.