| 上方汇流对黄土坡面侵蚀—搬运过程的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 汪晓勇,郑粉莉,张新和.上方汇流对黄土坡面侵蚀—搬运过程的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2009,7(2):7-11. |
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| 作者姓名： | 汪晓勇 郑粉莉 张新和 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,712100,陕西杨凌;中国科学院,水利部,水土保持研究所,黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室:712100,陕西杨凌
2. 广东省水利水电科学研究院,510610,广州 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展规划(973计划)，中国科学院西部行动计划，黄河水利委员会治理黄河专项基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 研究坡面上方汇流对坡面下方侵蚀-搬运过程的影响将深化对坡面土壤侵蚀过程机制的认识。通过设计由供水装置和试验土槽组成的试验系统，采用不同降雨强度的模拟降雨试验，研究坡度为15。时上方汇流对黄土坡面侵蚀-搬运过程的影响。结果表明：在降雨强度为50、75和100mm／h时，坡面接受上方汇流后，坡面侵蚀产沙量皆大于没有上方汇流时的坡面侵蚀产沙量，即上方汇流在坡面下方引起了净侵蚀产沙量；坡面侵蚀产沙量并不是简单地与汇水流量成正相关，在小汇水流量下，由上方汇流增加的侵蚀产沙量较小，当汇冰流量增加到1．6L／min后，坡面侵蚀产沙量随汇水流量的增加明显增大，且增加幅度随汇水流量的增加而增大，但当汇水流量增加到3．2L／min后，坡面侵蚀产沙量随汇水流量增加的幅度明显减小；接受上方汇流后，坡面侵蚀现象以侵蚀-搬运过程占主导地位。
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| 关 键 词： | 上方汇流 侵蚀-搬运过程 模拟降雨 黄土坡面 |
Effects of upslope runoff on detachment and transport processes on loessial hillsiopes |
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| Wang Xiaoyong,Zheng Fenli,Zhang Xinhe.Effects of upslope runoff on detachment and transport processes on loessial hillsiopes[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,7(2):7-11. |
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| Authors: | Wang Xiaoyong Zheng Fenli Zhang Xinhe |
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| Institution: | Wang Xiaoyong1,2,Zheng Fenli1,Zhang Xinhe3(1.College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Northwest A & F University,712100,Yangling,Shaanxi,2.State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Science and Ministry of Water Resources,3.Guangdong Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,510610,Guangzhou: China) |
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| Abstract: | Research on upslope runoff effects on downslope detachment and transport process may deepen the understanding of hillslope soil erosion process and mechnisems.An experimental system,consisted of water feeding installation and the tested box,was used to study upslope runoff effects on detachment and transport processes on loessial 15° hillslope under different rainfall intensities by using rainfall simulator.The results showed that the total sediment delivery with upslope runoff input was greater than that without upslope runoff input at 50,75,and 100 mm/h of rainfall intensities,i.e.,upslope runoff discharging into downslope caused additional sediment delivery(net sediment delivery).Sediment delivery was not a simply positive correlation with upslope runoff rate.Additional sediment delivery was small when low upslope runoff discharged into downslope.When increasing upslope runoff rate reached to 1.6 L/min,sediment delivery was remarkably increased with an increase of upslope runoff rate,and the increment range of sediment delivery increased with the increase of upslope runoff rate.But when increasing upslope runoff rate was greater than 3.2 L/min,the increment range of sediment delivery decreased with the increase of upslope runoff rate.After upslope runoff discharged into downslope section,sediment regime at downslope section was a domination of detachment-transport |
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| Keywords: | upslope runoff detachment and transport processes simulated rainfall experiment loessial hillslope |
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