泰宁县近50年气候资源及主要气象灾害变化特征分析

利用泰宁县1961～2010年的日照、气温及逐年无霜期、降水量等气象资料,分析作物生长期内的光资源、热量资源、水分条件及常见农业气象灾害的变化特征及气候变化趋势,结果表明:泰宁县作物生长季内日照时数呈两头高、中间低的趋势,光照条件能满足喜温作物生长需求;热量条件呈增加趋势,20世纪90年代后期气温显著升高,气温日较差呈下降趋势,初霜延后,终霜提前,无霜期延长,活动积温增加;水分条件波动较大,呈双峰型,80年代降水量达最低值,为明显的干冷年份,70年代为湿冷年份,90年代后期多为温暖多雨年份;低温冷害等农业气象灾害有减少的趋势,但洪涝、干旱、冰雹等灾害趋于频繁且严重。

Characteristic analysis on the change of climatic resources and main meteorological disasters in Taining county in recent 50 years

The change characteristics and climatic trend of light resources,heat resources,water condition and common agro-meteorological disasters were analyzed during crop growth period by using meteorological data,such as sunlight,air temperature,year-to-year frostless period,rainfall and so on,in Taining county during 1961 to 2010.The result showed that the sunshine hours was high in the two head of crop growing period and low in the middle in Taining county.The illumination condition could meet the requirement of the growth of thermophilic crops.The trend of heat condition was increased.The air temperature was significantly increased after 1990s and the daily range of air temperature was decreased.The first frost date had delayed,the latest frost date had been in advance,and frost-free period had prolonged.The water condition had a larger fluctuation and it showed double peaks.The rainfall reached the lowest value and it was a dry-cold year in 1980s.It was a wet-cold year in 1970s.The warm-and-rainy year appeared in the late 1990s.The chilling damage decreased,but some agro-meteorological disasters,such as flood,drought,hailstone,etc,were increasingly frequent and impetuous.