Engineered in situ bioremediation of soil and groundwater polluted with weathered hydrocarbons |
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Authors: | Demelza Menendez-Vega Jose Luis R Gallego Ana Isabel Pelaez Gonzalo Fernandez de Cordoba Javier Moreno Daniel Muoz Jesus Sanchez |
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Institution: | aDpto. Biologia Funcional, IUBA (Instituto de Biotecnologia de Asturias), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo (Asturias), Spain;bDpto. Explotación y Prospeccion de Minas, IUBA, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain;cTerratest Medio Ambiente, SL Madrid, Spain;dGEA Medioambiente, SL Madrid, Spain |
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Abstract: | In this work, we present our experience in the engineered in situ biostimulation of a hydrocarbon-polluted subsoil of an old metal-working plant. The site had a long history of fuel, lubricant oil, and diesel spills and leakages that were initially treated by means of physico-chemical techniques. After one year of treatment, weathered hydrocarbons were firmly sorbed in the unsaturated zone, limiting the effectiveness of the physico-chemical methods being applied. Also, low nutrient and dissolved oxygen levels limited natural attenuation yields. Therefore, a bioremediation approach based on the injection of hydrogen peroxide, an oleophilic fertilizer, and a surfactant was applied. Total petroleum hydrocarbons and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry determinations were performed as a chemical means of monitoring the process. Microbial populations, including the presence of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, were simultaneously analyzed during the process, using enrichment techniques and confocal laser scanning microscopy observations with fluorescent indicators. Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were already present in the polluted subsoil prior to the implementation of this bioremediation technique and increased noticeably during the first 2 months of treatment. Hence, the suitability of the nutrient and oxygen amending approach was confirmed as further demonstrated by chemical determinations. |
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Keywords: | In situ bioremediation Degrading bacteria Hydrocarbon Soil Groundwater Viability Activity Confocal laser scanning microscopy |
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