内蒙古伊金霍洛旗风沙区退耕还林还草生态效益评价

以生态可持续发展原理为基础，采用层次分析法，建立了伊金霍洛旗风沙区退耕还林还草综合生态效益评价指标体系和数学模型，指标体系包括3个层次10项指标；采用AHP法和德尔菲法确定了各指标权重。对研究区3种典型的退耕模式进行综合生态效益评价，并与未退耕荒地进行对比研究。评价结果表明:3种退耕还林模式的综合生态效益指数均达到未退耕荒地的4倍以上，退耕还林工程生物效益、水土效益、改善小气候效益、防风固沙效益显著；各退耕模式其综合效益指数排列顺序为沙柳+沙打旺模式 > 柠条+沙打旺模式 > 杨树+沙打旺模式 > 未退耕荒地，沙柳+沙打旺模式综合生态效益数值最高，在适宜的立地条件下，可以在伊金霍洛风沙区或其它风沙区生态建设中推广应用。

Evaluation of Ecological Benefits on Reforestation in Yijinhuoluo Sandstorm Area of Inner Mongolia

Based on the principles of ecologically sustainable development, both comprehensive ecological benefit evaluation index system and mathematical models were built by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) on reforestation in Yijinhuoluo Sandstorm Area of Inner Mongolia, which include 3 levels and 10 indictors. AHP and Delphi method were used to determine the weight of each index. Comprehensive evaluation of ecological benefits was done for three kinds of typical farmland models in the study area, and comparative study was also carried on for the study area. The results were as follows: (1) the comprehensive eco-efficiency index did not reach four times in three kinds of typical farmland model than in farmland wasteland, the increase was significant for biological effectiveness, land and water efficiency, improving the microclimate benefits and windbreak and sand-effective in the project of returning farmland to forestland and grassland; (2) the order for farmland modes of their overall efficiency index was salix + Astragalus adsurgens > Caragana korshinskii + Astragalus adsurgens > Populus+Astragalus adsurgens > cultivated land; (3) the ecological benefit of Salix + Astragalus adsurgens was the highest in returning farmland to forestland and grassland model. In the appropriate site conditions, the model can be promoted in Yijinhuoluo sand areas or other sandy area in terms of ecological construction.