杂谷脑河下游坡面泥石流发育特征及防治对策

以杂谷脑河下游为研究对象，对干旱河谷气候区的坡面泥石流发育条件、固体物质类型与分布进行了分析，基于物源特征，将坡面泥石流分为崩滑型、沟谷冲蚀型、坡面侵蚀型和面蚀型四种类型。通过分析坡面土体启动的力学过程、泥石流启动机理、致灾方式三者之间的耦合关系，探索了土体失稳临界状态及造成其失稳的关键外力因素，揭示泥石流启动过程中的水、土相互作用及影响机制。研究结果表明，在相似的水力条件和地形地貌下，斜坡表层土体的空间分布及受力状态控制坡面泥石流频次、规模和致灾方式，由此提出基于物源受力过程和保护对象的优化防治模式，并为具有相似下垫面条件的川西北干旱河谷区的坡面泥石流防治提供参考。

Occurrence Characteristics and Preventions of the Debris Flow on Slope in the Lower Reaches Zagunao River

Base on the research of the downstream region of Zagunao River, the arid valley slope debris flow conditions, the process of formation mechanism of the solid material, and the affection mechanism of the different marerials were analyzed. The slope mud rock flows were divided into four types such as slump-type, channel erosion type, slope erosion type and plane erosion type based on the characteristics of solid material. By analysis of soil slope disaster caused by mechanical process, mechanism of debris flow start, coupled relationship between the three explores the critical state of instability and cause instability of soils of key external factors, the startup process of debris flow mechanism of water-soil interaction and mutual influence were revealed. The results showed that under the similar hydraulic conditions and topography, frequency, size of slope debris flow and disaster were controlled by spatial distribution of surface soil from the slope and stress. The resulting force procedures and protection of objects based on source optimization control model were put forward and references were provided for debris flow control slope with imilar underlying surface conditions in arid river valley region in northwest Sichuan.