我国畜禽粪污肥料化利用研究现状

随着我国经济社会发展进步,老百姓对畜禽类食品的需求呈上升趋势,国内畜禽养殖呈现规模化、集约化、数量大幅增长发展态势,但畜禽养殖过程中,产生了大量的粪污,如果粪污处理不当,将对环境造成严重的污染,这是我国畜牧养殖业可持续发展必须解决的重要问题。查阅粪污肥料化相关文献资料,结合各地区粪污分布及产量,阐述分析当前主要的粪污肥料化处理工艺,指出畜禽粪污肥料化技术目前存在粪污分布零散,资金与技术落后,缺乏粪污处理技术标准与监管机制,畜禽粪污处理设备的研究与实际脱离等问题,提出制定畜禽粪污管理标准以及相应法律法规、研制适合当地气候条件、经济水平的发酵设备、广泛宣传畜禽粪污资源化利用政策和先进典型等建议,进一步推进畜禽粪污能源化利用。

Research status of fertilizer utilization of livestock and poultry in China

With the development of China’s economy and society, the demand for livestock and poultry foods is on the rise. The domestic livestock and poultry farming is expanding in scale, intensifying, and increasing in quantity. However, during the livestock and poultry breeding process, a large amount of manure is generated. If the manure is not properly treated, it will cause serious pollution to the environment. It is an important issue that must be solved in the sustainable development of animal husbandry in China. It was consulted the literature related to manure and fertilizer, combined with the distribution and production of manure in various regions, explained and analyzed the current main manure treatment process. It was pointed out that livestock manure and fertilizer composting technology currently had scattered manure distribution, funds and technology were backward, the technology standards and supervision mechanisms of manure disposal were lacking, the research of livestock manure treatment equipment was separated from reality. It was put forward that making management standards and corresponding laws and regulations for livestock, developing fermentation equipment suitable for local climatic conditions and economic levels, extensive publicizing policies and advanced models for the utilization of livestock and manure resource, and other suggestions, which further promote the energy utilization of livestock and poultry manure.