黄淮海区主推玉米品种子粒主要矿物质元素含量分析

对黄淮海区36个主推玉米品种子粒各微量和常量矿物质元素含量进行分析。结果表明,玉米子粒Zn、Fe、Mn和Cu浓度变化范围分别为16.2~24.0、17.7~32.9、3.3~7.4和1.1~2.4 mg/kg,其平均浓度分别为20.1、23.0、4.5和1.6 mg/kg,变异系数分别为10.3%、23.0%、23.9%和22.1%。Ca和Mg浓度范围分别为37.8~93.5和1 002.1~1 357.4 mg/kg,平均浓度分别为68.3和1 163.2 mg/kg,变异系数为25.3%和7.9%。N,K和P浓度范围分别为8.9~14.0、3.2~4.8和2.2~3.0 g/kg,平均浓度分别为11.5,3.9和2.6 g/kg,变异系数分别为12.4%,10.7%和8.3%。子粒中60.2%~85.9%的P以植酸磷形态存在,与Zn和Fe均无相关性;Zn和Fe同时与Mn、Mg和K呈显著正相关,表明玉米子粒中Zn、Fe、Mn、Mg和K浓度提高的同时不会提高植酸P浓度,有利于提高子粒Zn和Fe的生物有效性。

Analysis of Major Elements in Grain of the Popularized Maize Varieties in Huanghuaihai Plain

Concentrations of major elements in grains of 36 popularized maize varieties in Huanghuaihai Plain were determined in this study. The results showed that grain concentrations of Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, Ca and Mg ranged from 16.2 to 24.0, 17.7 to 32.9, 3.3 to 7.4, 1.1 to 2.4, 37.8 to 93.5 and 1 002.1 to 1 357.4 mg/kg and averaged 20.1, 23.0, 4.5, 1.6, 68.3 and 1 163.2 mg/kg, respectively. The corresponding variable coefficients was 10.3%, 23.0%, 23.9%, 22.1%, 25.3% and 7.9%. The concentrations of N, K and P ranged from 8.9 to 14.0, 3.2 to 4.8 and 2.2 to 3.0 g/kg and averaged 11.5, 3.9, and 2.6 g/kg, respectively. The corresponding variable coefficients was 12.4%, 10.7% and 8.3%. Phytate-P, accounting for 60.2% to 85.9% of grain total P, had no relationships with both Zn and Fe. The two elements also significantly correlated with Mn, Mg and K. These results suggested that it is possibly to increase the concentrations of Zn, Fe, Mn, Mg and K without an increase in phytate-P simultaneously, resulting in a potentially improved bioavailability of Zn and Fe.