生物质转化为高品位烃类燃料研究进展

对生物质炼制制备汽柴油与航空煤油等烃类燃料的研究内容与最新成果进行了总结和分析。在生物油改质精制方面,描述了生物油加氢脱氧研究进展,介绍了催化裂化制备烯烃与芳烃产品的基本概念与研究进展。在生物质碳水化合物利用方面,介绍了生物质纤维素与半纤维素经水解单糖催化转化制备C5/C6烷烃、C8~C15长链烷烃的工艺路线与技术原理,列举了具有代表性的催化剂体系。在木质素利用方面,介绍了木质素催化解聚制备单环酚类化合物及解聚产物加氢脱氧制备烃类燃料的研究进展,同时指出在催化转化过程中需要解决的关键问题。

Progress in Production of High-quality Hydrocarbon Fuels from Biomass

The research progresses in conversion of all-components of biomass to high-valued hydrocarbons (gasoline and jet fuel) were summarized. In the upgrading of bio-oil, the research progress for olefins and aromatics production via catalytic cracking of bio-oil and hydrocarbon fuels production via hydrodeoxygenation of bio-oil were introduced. In the use of carbohydrate, the process routes and technical principles for the synthesis of C5/C6 and C8~C15 alkanes from cellulose and hemicelluloses via hydrolysis monosaccharide were introduced, and typical catalysts were enumerated. In the use of lignin, the new progress for production of single ring phenolic compounds from lignin via catalytic depolymerization and the production of hydrocarbon fuels from single ring phenolics via hydrodeoxygenation were introduced. Meanwhile, the existing problems in the process of catalytic conversion were pointed out. For example, large amounts of H2 were needed for the production of hydrocarbon fuels from biomass. This would increase the cost of hydrocarbon fuel due to the high price of H2. In addition, catalyst used in the process of biomass-refining usually deactivates rapidly since that the formation of coke. So, it is important to make the reaction conditions mild to avoid the formation of coke, extending the life time of the catalyst.