非耕农用地耕种功能恢复适宜性评价模型构建

恢复非耕农用地耕种功能是落实耕地“进出平衡”政策的基础和保障耕地动态平衡的重要内容。科学确定非耕农用地耕种功能恢复适宜性等级是合理安排恢复工作进行的依据。该研究运用文献借鉴法、熵权法、限制性因子评价法、加权指数和法等方法,从生产、生态、经济3个维度构建了包含12项评价指标的非耕农用地耕种功能恢复适宜性评价模型,并选取沈阳市康平县借助ArcGIS软件完成对非耕农用地耕种功能恢复适宜性的评价过程。结果表明：康平县内生产、生态、经济3个方面的恢复适宜性情况存在明显的空间分异特征;非耕农用地耕种功能恢复适宜区域综合评价分值较为集聚,范围为[1.951,3.201],不适宜区域赋值为0;康平县非耕农用地耕种功能恢复适宜性等级划分为高度适宜、中度适宜、低度适宜、勉强适宜及不适宜;各个行政区非耕农用地耕种功能恢复适宜性平均水平都达到了低度适宜及以上等级;低度适宜及以上等级的非耕农用地面积占比为67.68%,大多为其他林地与乔木林地,恢复难度较小;在所有等级中,勉强适宜的非耕农用地面积占比最多,为32.30%,主要土地利用类型为其他林地、乔木林地与果园,恢复难度较大;不适宜这一等级最少,全部为坡度大于25°的其他林地。研究结果可为未来非耕农用地耕种功能的实际恢复工作提供参考。

Construction of the suitability evaluation model for the cultivated function recovery of non-grain cultivated land

Non-grain cultivated land refers to other agricultural land, such as garden land, forest land, pasture and pond, which are transformed from the original cultivated land, due to the non-grain behavior. The cultivated function of non-grain cultivated land can be expected to restore, and then return to the cultivated land category. As such, the non-grain behavior can be used to implement the policy of dynamic "import and export balance" of cultivated land. The suitability evaluation model of non-grain cultivated land for the cultivated function recovery can be used to reasonably and accurately classify the cultivated function recovery suitability levels of non-grain cultivated land. The foundation can be offered for the scientific guidance of actual recovery work in the future. In this study, literature reference was selected to determine the level of model construction and the corresponding indicators. The entropy weight was used to determine the weights. Referred to the relevant regulations to determine the quantitative standards of indicators. The factor evaluation and weighted index sum were restricted to realize the evaluation using ArcGIS software. The suitability evaluation model was constructed in the non-grain cultivated land for the cultivated function recovery from three dimensions of production, ecology and economy, including 12 evaluation indicators. Taking Kangping County of Shenyang City as a case study, the results showed that there were outstanding spatial differences in the suitability of productive, ecological and economic conditions. There were some gaps under the suitability of productive conditions in the different parts of the county, indicating the generally excellent suitability of ecological and economic conditions. The comprehensive evaluation scores of suitable areas were calculated for the cultivated function recovery of non-grain cultivated land, with a range of [1.951, 3.201]. Among them, the evaluation scores of unsuitable areas were recorded as 0 points. The suitability grades of cultivated function recovery of non-grain cultivated land in Kangping County were divided into highly suitable, moderately suitable, low suitable, reluctantly suitable, and unsuitable. The average suitability level of non-grain cultivated land for the cultivated function recovery in each region reached the low suitability level and above. The low suitable and above grades of non-grain cultivated land area, accounted for 67.68%, most of which was arbor forest land. Few constraints were found in the suitability grade of cultivated function recovery. It was easier to implement the restoration projects. The proportion of reluctantly suitable non-grain cultivated land area was the largest among all grades, accounting for 32.30%. Most of them were other forest land, arbor forest land, and orchard. There were more constraints on the suitability of cultivated function recovery, indicating the more difficult implementation of restoration projects. The area of non-grain cultivated land unsuitable for recovery was the least, accounting for only 0.02% of the total area. All of them belonged to other forests with a slope greater than 25°. It was not suitable for the restoration of cultivated land, due to the steep slope. The improved model can be expected to make the classification of suitability grades for the cultivated function recovery of non-grain cultivated land more scientific. The work arrangement of time sequence and the project can be deployed for the cultivated function recovery of non-grain cultivated land in Kangping County of Shenyang City in the future.