日光温室番茄病虫害发生特点与生态控制技术研究

研究结果表明,在日光温室生产条件下,番茄病害有35种,害虫16种。主要病虫为灰霉病、叶霉病、早疫病、晚疫病、脐腐病、斑潜蝇和温室白粉虱,田间发生特点为种类多、危害期长、流行速度快、危害重和损失大。并提出以健康栽培、生态调控、棚室O3消毒、套袋保护、防虫网阻隔等措施为主,结合适时适度使用高效低毒化学农药的生态控制技术措施。田间应用实践证明,该方案有效阻止了病虫的扩散流行,成功控制了主要病虫危害,防治效果较为理想,并使产品达到安全优质标准。

Studies on occurrences and ecological control techniques of tomato insect pests and diseases in sunlight greenhouse

The results of investigation on the kind, dynamics and harm of insect pests and diseases of tomato in sunlight greenhouse show that there are 35 species diseases and 16 species insect pests of tomato, which are mainly tomato gray mold( Botrytis cinerea Pers) , leaf mold( Cladosporum fulvum Cooke),early blight( Alternaria solani Sorauer), late blight (Phytophthora infestans Bary),blossom end rot,leafminer (Liriomyza sativae Blanchard),greenhouse whitefly( Trialeurodes vaporarior West wood). All species of pests and disease damage tomato plants for a longer duration and at a higher spread speed in sunlight greenhouse. Base on the study, the technical measures including health culture,ecological regulation, sterilizing greenhouse with O3, bagging the fruits of vegetable, separating technique with preventing net and reasonable using of chemical pesticides etc. are summarized for integrated control of important tomato insect pests and diseases. The control effects are desirable in practical applicotion.