不同处理对芭蕉芋硬实种子发芽的影响

芭蕉芋硬实种子种皮透性差,种子具有休眠特性,常规播种难以萌发,为了提高芭蕉芋种子发芽率,为芭蕉芋杂交育种奠定理论依据。以贵州采集的芭蕉芋种子为材料,采用酸蚀、碱蚀及GA3活化胚的方法对芭蕉芋硬实种子进行处理,达到软化及腐蚀种壳、解除芭蕉芋硬实种子的休眠,提高种子萌发率的目的。结果表明:NaOH和GA3处理效果不佳,因为,NaOH不能破坏种皮中栅状细胞或石细胞而透性差,激素物质不能透过种皮进入种子内部,不能催化胚细胞的生化反应;以浓硫酸处理80~120 min效果较好,其发芽率、发芽势均达到90%以上,发芽指数达到11以上,浓硫酸处理120 min有畸形苗,以保险角度和降低处理时间来看,浓硫酸处理80 min就能够达到理想效果。

Influence of Different Treatments on Hard Seed Germination of Edible Canna

The hard seeds of edible canna have dormancy characteristic and poor permeability, and their germination is difficult under normal sowing conditions. In order to improve the seed germination rate of edible canna, to lay the theoretical foundation for its hybridization breeding, the author treated the hard seeds of edible canna collected from Guizhou by using the methods of acid cor- rosion, alkali corrosion and GA3 embryo - activating. The results indicated that the treatments with NaOH and GA3 had bad effects, because NaOH can not destroy the grid cells or sclereids in the episperm, thus the episperm has poor permeability, and the hormone substance can not enter into the seeds to catalyze the biochemical reactions of germ cells. The treatment with concentrated sulfuric acid for 80 - 120 min had better effects, both the germination rate and germination vigor of the seeds reached over 90%, and the germination index was more than 11. Treating the seeds with concentrated sulfuric acid for 120 min could lead to some deformed seedlings, so treating the seeds with concentrated sulfuric acid for 80 min could achieve ideal effect.