国外肉牛饲料添加剂的研究进展

为全面了解肉牛饲料添加剂的最新研究进展，作者总结了近期国外肉牛养殖中饲料添加剂使用的文献报道，主要对甘油、抗生素、矿物质、维生素、微生物及脂类6类饲料添加剂在肉牛养殖中的应用进行了综述，集中在不同饲料添加剂对肉牛瘤胃发酵、生产性能、消化性能和肉品质的影响。饲料添加剂对于肉牛生产十分重要，其使用方法、使用效果的发挥都很关键。日粮类型和精粗比会影响甘油的使用效果；抗生素混合使用效果优于单独使用；不同形态和不同添加量的微量元素和维生素对肉牛生长发育及机体免疫力具有促进和提高的作用。因此，在实际生产中，应综合考虑各种影响因素，根据肉牛的营养需要选择合适的饲料添加剂种类及适宜的比例，合理应用，最大程度地发挥其应用效果，进而获得更高的经济效益。作者总结和分析了肉牛饲料添加剂的国外研究成果，以期为中国肉牛产业的发展提供理论依据。

Research Progress of the Feed Additives of Beef Cattle Aboard

The aim of the review was to know well the latest progress of feed additives in beef cattle.The foreign literatures on feed additives in beef cattle breeding recently published were summarized in this paper,which mainly focused on the effects of different types of feed supplements on rumen fermentation,production performance,digestive characteristics and meat quality in beef cattle,and the involved additives included glycerol,antibiotics,minerals,vitamins,microorganisms and lipids.The application of feed additives in beef cattle production was very necessary,and the use method and the use effect were the main points.Diet type and roughage ratio would affect the influence of glycerol,mixed use of antibiotics was better than single use,minerals and vitamins with different forms and different dosage had a role in promoting and enhancing on growth and immunity of beef cattle.Therefore,various factors should be considered in actual production,according to the nutrition requirements of beef cattle to choose the appropriate feed additives type and suitable proportion,only in reasonable application ways,the higher economic benefits would be obtained.The research results were summarized and analyzed in this review,which would provide a theoretical basis for the development of beef cattle industry in China.