春小麦品种（系）主要农艺性状配合力与遗传力分析

采用5×6不完全双列杂交,对春小麦11个亲本及其组配的30个组合主要性状配合力和遗传表现进行了研究。结果表明,有效穗数、穗粒数、穗粒重、千粒重和单株产量由基因的加性效应控制;而株高、穗长和小穗数则受基因的加性与非加性效应共同作用,但以加性效应为主。株高和穗粒重的狭义遗传力较高,可从早代严格选择,而单株产量、千粒重和穗长的狭义遗传力较低,早代选择效果不佳。巴麦6号在多个性状上一般配合力最好;甘春20号和高原602可作为产量育种的农艺亲本;武春2号可作为矮秆亲本。宁春4号/甘春20号、P 8907/中作8131-1为选育矮秆大穗的重点组合,93（7）-9-5/武春2号可作为选择大穗材料的组合。

Analysis on Combining Ability and Heritability of Main Agronomic Characters of Spring Wheat Varieties (Lines)

Study on combining ability and genetic show of main agronomic characters of 11 parents and 30 combination spring wheat varleties（Lines） by 5 × 6 incomplete double list cross. The result showed that spikes per plant, kernels per spike, kernel weight per plant, 1 000-kernel weight and yield per plant were controlled by gene additive effect, plant height and spikelets per spike were affected gene additive effect and gene non-additive effect, major factor is gene additive effect. Narrow sense heritability of plant height and kernel are higher, may be selected in early generation, narrow sense heritability of yield per plant, 1 000-kernel weight and spike length are lower,early generation selection is not good, ordinary combining ability of many characters of bamai 6 are the best, Ganchun 20 and Gaoyuan 602 may be used as agronomic parent of breed- ing, Wuchun 2 may be used as short-straw parent of breeding. Ningchun 4/Ganchun 20, P8907/zhongzuo8131-1 may be used as key combination of selecting short-straw and big spike. 93（7）-9-5/Wuchun 2 may be used as combination of selection big spike.