虹鳟不同养殖群体形态性状变异的初步研究

本文采用鱼类形态度量学和框架度量学相结合的方法，对五个不同虹鳟养殖群体（1．渤海群体2．丹麦群体3．道氏群体4．挪威群体5．加州群体）20个比例性状进行了主成分分析，结果表明：虹鳟的形态指标大致可归纳为“大小因子”、“摄食因子”、“游泳因子”、“形态因子”和“头型因子”能较完整（82．66％）地描写虹鳟的外形特征；道氏以外的4个虹鳟群体的形态学特征存在较大的相似性，道氏群体与其他4个虹鳟群体的形态差异较大；通过比较其形态性状以便评估其种内的变异以及各个性状伴随着生长而产生的变化，为今后虹鳟的选育方案设计及选择应答的预测提供参考。

Primary Study on Variation of Morphological Traits for Different Population of Rainbow trout

In this paper, among 17 morphological traits including body length, anterodorsal length, head length, eye diameter, snout length, body height, head width, body width, aperture length of mouth, caudal peduncle length, caudal peduncle height and so on, there were 20 trait ratios of five different populations of rainbow trout analyzed by the way of principal component analysis, the results demonstrated that these morphological indices having 82.66% accumulative contributed rate could be sum up as size factor, ingest,factor, swimming factor, morphological factor, head pattern factor, which could comparatively completely describe external characteristics of rainbow trout, and there were major similarity between 4 populations except Donaldson population which exists major morphological variation compared with other populations , so through comparisons of morphological traits of five populations in order to evaluate intraspecies variation , and also the changes of each character companying its growth, so as to provide references for the design of selective breeding programme and selective response for rainbow trout in the future.