关于我国公益林管理的初步思考

森林资源保护与发展在生态文明建设和应对气候变化中的地位和作用越来越突出,公益林经营管理成为生态建设的重要抓手.通过开展公益林区划界定,国家级公益林面积已占到林业用地面积的38%,全国公益林面积已占到森林面积的56%.公益林管理制度已初步建立.通过实施国家森林生态效益补偿基金制度,中央财政建立了稳定增长的国家级公益林补偿机制,地方财政结合经济社会发展实际建立了地方公益林补偿机制,公益林建设成效已有显现.但也存在诸如森林生态效益补偿标准偏低,补偿资金来源渠道单一,各地对公益林管理政策落实不到位,以及相关法律依据缺失等问题.要根据国家财力状况逐步提高公益林补偿标准,实施差别化的补偿政策;建立多元化的生态补偿机制;加快公益林保护和森林生态效益补偿立法,建立公益林管理的长效机制;加强对公益林管理政策贯彻落实的监督.

The preliminary thinking of public forest management in china

With the position and function of forest resources protection and development is becoming more and more prominent in the ecological civilization construction and combating climate change, public welfare forest management become the important way of ecological construction. By conducting public welfare forest districts, national level public welfare forest area has accounted for 38% of forestry land area, all public welfare forest area has accounted for 56% of forest area in china. Public welfare forest management system has been preliminarily established. Through the implementation of the national forest ecological benefit compensation fund system, the central and local governments have established the stable growth of national public welfare forest compensation mechanism, and the achievements of public welfare forest construction have been revealed. But there are also some problems, such as low forest ecological benefit compensation standard, single compensation funding sources, absence of public welfare forest management policy implementation, and the lack of legal basis, etc. Therefore, as to solve existing problems, we can adopt the following strategies： gradually increasing public welfare forest compensation standard according to the national financial situation; the implementation of differentiation of compensation policy; establishment of diversified ecological compensation mechanism; speeding up the public welfare forest protection and forest ecological benefit compensation legislation; setting up the longterm mechanism of public welfare forest management and strengthen the supervision of public welfare forest management policy implementation.