典型区域土地生态状况精细评估

对土地生态状况进行精细评估可为城乡规划和土地可持续利用提供科学依据。本文以焦作市山阳区为研究对象，基于ArcGIS软件，对山阳区43个行政村单元进行了土地生态状况评估。以土地生态状况自然基础性指标、结构性指标、土地污染退化状况、生态建设与保护综合效应指标及区域性指标5个方面为准则层，选取了10个评估指标、27个元指标构建了山阳区的土地生态状况评估指标体系。采用极差法标准化，熵值法定权重，计算生态状况的综合评估分值，并根据分值大小将山阳区划分为5个区域。结果显示：山阳区生态状况优和良的土地占了总面积的40.5%，主要分布在北部海拔较低，地势平坦的区域；生态状况较差的地区位于北部海拔相对较高的山地丘陵地带，有煤矿开采活动，污染退化现象明显。

Fine Assessment of Land Ecological Status in Typical Area

Estimating the land ecological condition to provide foundation for urban and rural planning and land sustainable use. Taking Shanyang District in Jiaozuo City as an example, land ecological condition of 43 administrative villages was estimated by using ArcGIS software. 5 criterion layers were established including natural basic, ecological construction and protection effect, land pollution and degradation, structural and regional indices. We selected 10 assessment index and 27 meta index to construct the assessment indicator system. Then, this paper took data standardization by range method, determined the weight by entropy method, calculated comprehensive assessment scores of ecological status, and divided this area into 5 levels by scores. It was found that: land of excellent and good ecological condition accounted for 40.5% of the total area, which was mainly distributed in the southern lower altitude and flat region. Poor ecological condition land was distributed in the northern mountainous and hilly region with relatively high altitude, these areas had many coal mining activities, pollution and degradation were evident.