北京红灯樱桃皱叶病的发病情况和对果实产量品质的影响

近年来，樱桃皱叶病严重危害了樱桃的产量和品质，但是国内尚无樱桃皱叶病详细观测和有效防治措施的相关报道。通过对北京香山附近樱桃园的248株树成龄红灯连续两年的系统调查，总结发现：樱桃皱叶病主要对叶子形态、果实发育形态、果实品质和产量有影响。叶子表现为叶面粗糙、叶子变窄、叶片不规则变形伴有颜色变浅。果实表现为发育缓慢甚至有畸形尖端，皱叶和畸形果实存在位置对应关系。成熟果实的形状表现为更短薄，重量变轻，成熟期推迟。皱叶病红灯和正常红灯相比，产量显著下降。发病范围可能是几片树叶，一个枝组，也可能是整棵树。发病情况逐年不同，严重皱叶病植株的表现相对稳定。春天展叶期到硬核期以及果实成熟以后是观察樱桃皱叶病的最佳时期。另外，对严重皱叶病树进行了嫁接试验，经过初步观察接穗没有皱叶病表现。

Incidence of Sweet Cherry Crinkle Leaf Disease in Beijing and its Influence to Fruit Production and Quality

Recently,sweet cherry crinkle leaf disease seriously hurts production and qualities of sweet cherry.However,detailed disease observations and effective prevention and control measures have not been reported in china.Two years’ successive and systematic investigations were caried on 248 adult cherry variety "Hongdeng" in a sweet cherry orchard near the Fragrant Hill,Beijing.We find that sweet cherry crinkle leaf disease mainly affects leaf shape,fruit development shape,fruit quality and production.Leaves become rough,narrow and with abnormal distorted edge.Fruits develop slowly with abnormal fruit and crinkled leaf being in the same branch.The crinkle leaf disease has made the fruits shorter,thinner and lighter.Their maturing date is postponed and yields reduced remarkably.Crinkle leaf disease can be found in several leaves,a branch or the whole tree.The incidence situation is different every year.However,the serious disease affected trees show stable performance.The best periods for observing crinkle leaf disease are from frondescing stage to pit-hardening stage in spring and in autumn,respectively.Grafting test was conducted in serious crinkle leaf disease affected trees,but no crinkle leaf disease is observed in scion.