镍污染土壤修复技术研究进展

镍是引起我国土壤污染的八大重金属之一,农田土壤镍超标影响了农作物的产量和品质,对人体健康造成严重威胁。本文综述了近年来国内外土壤镍的污染现状和污染来源,镍对农田生态系统(植物、微生物和动物)的影响,镍污染土壤的各种修复技术,包括物理/化学修复技术、微生物修复技术、植物修复技术和农业生态修复技术,介绍了目前为止发现的镍超富集植物,为镍污染土壤植物萃取技术研发提供植物种类。最后提出了镍污染土壤修复需要加强的几个方面。

Advances in research on remediation technology of nickel-contaminated soil

Nickel is one of the eight heavy metals that cause soil pollution in China. The yield and quality of crops are affected by the excessive nickel concentration in farmland soil, which cause a serious threat to human health. This present paper provides a review not only on the pollution status and sources of nickel in farmland soils at home and abroad in recent years and its influence on farmland ecosystem (plants, microorganisms and animals), but also various remediation technology for nickel-contaminated soil including physical/chemical remediation technology, microbial remediation techniques, phytoremediation techniques and agro-remediation techniques. At the same time, the nickel-hyperaccumulators discovered so far are introduced, which provide plant species for the research and development of plant extraction technology for nickel-contaminated soil. Finally, it is proposed that several aspects need to be strengthened for remediation of nickel-contaminated soil.