甘肃陇南小麦不同品种类型抗条锈性变化特点分析

 1973~2002年的30年间,在我国小麦条锈病常发易变区的陇南,对小麦主要生产品种的抗条锈性变化动态进行了系统的观察,选择具垂直抗性、慢条锈性、高温抗性和持久抗性等不同类型的7个品种的观测数据进行了分析,认为里勃留拉和N.斯特拉姆潘列长期保持了稳定的抗锈性。里勃留拉的抗性可能由多对微效基因控制,N.斯特拉姆潘列的抗性可能由主效基因控制,兰天12号所具有的慢锈性和兰天1号的高温抗性以及抗条锈基因的合理布局对延长品种抗性也有一定作用。

A 30 successive years' observation on the performance of several wheat cultivars in resistance to stripe rust(Puccinia striiformis West.) in the southern region of Gansu Province of China

Observation was conducted on the performance in resistance to stripe rust of seven wheat cultivars during the peri- od 1973 - 2002 in the southern region of Gansu Province, where the environment is conducive to the disease and new races of the fungus were detected very frequently. These wheat cultivars were and/or are still being grown commercially, with the acreage of more than 6000 hm~2 per year, in the southem region of Gansu Province. The cultivars were assessed on their re- sponse to the disease in field plots by artificial inoculation with the stripe rust fungus race which were predominant in the year when the test was conducted. The general finding is that the resistance remains effective for a period much longer in some cultivars than that in the others. The two wheat cultivars Libellula and N. Strampelli showed the longest duration in ef fectiveness of resistance to the disease, with disease indexes not higher than 5%, from 1974 to 200 when the commercially planting acreage of Libellula was more than 6000 hm~2 per year at the early years and it reached 34 000 hm~2 per year later. The cultivar Lantian 12 has showed stable performance in resistance with disease indexes not higher than 4% since 1991. The other four cultivars were highly resistance to the disease in the first several yeare when they were commercially used and they became susceptible later. The paper discussed some characteristics of these cultivare in relation to their resistance to the disease. Particularly, the resistance of Libellula expresses in a quantitative manner.