不同灌溉施肥制度对土壤水分变化及夏玉米产量的影响

在山东试验区,用夏玉米品种郑单958为试验材料,通过田间试验,对比分析传统沟灌施肥、水肥一体化、滴灌常规施肥3种处理对土壤水分布规律、夏玉米生长发育及水分利用效率的影响。结果显示,该试验区夏玉米季滴灌与常规沟灌相比,60～160cm土层土壤含水量较高,充分满足夏玉米开花期、蜡熟期深层根系吸收水分,而水肥一体化处理较之滴灌常规施肥呈现了夏玉米各项生长指标较高,稳定性较好的特点,更好的提高夏玉米产量和水分利用效率,表现出节水高产的优势。

Effects of Different Irrigation and Fertilizer Regimes on Soil Moisture and Grain Yield of Summer Maize

According to the irrigation mode combined field irrigation and rainfall in Huang-huai-hai region,field trials were conducted by using the common crop-Zhengdan 958 in the typical area Shangdong Province,to analyz the effects of three management-traditional irrigation and fertilization,fertigation,drip irrigation and traditional fertilization on soil moisture,development of summer maize and water use efficiency.The results showed that 0~160 cm depth soil water contents were higher in drip irrigation treatment compared to traditional irrigation and fertilization treatment,and it was sufficient for the root in 60~160 cm absorbing water in flowering stage and wax-mature stage.At the same time the development of summer maize was better and more stable in the fertigation treatment compared to drip irrigation and traditional fertilization treatment,and fertigation increased the grain yield of summer maize and enhanced water use efficiency,showing the advantage of water-saving and yield-raising.