北京地区不同湿地植物对生活污水的净化效果研究

选择北京地区芦苇、东方香蒲、水芹、睡菜和蒿柳5种湿地植物,设计6种不同的植物配置方式,研究不同湿地植物单种及其配置对水中pH值、化学需氧量(COD)、总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)的净化效果。通过连续6个月的动态监测,结果表明:湿地植物对污染物有明显的净化效果,且9月份前随着温度的升高和植物的生长逐步提高,9月份后净化效果上升趋势趋于缓和或下降。单种湿地植物中,东方香蒲对pH值净化效果最好,睡菜对COD净化效果最好,芦苇对TN净化效果最好,蒿柳对TP净化效果最好,东方香蒲、蒿柳对上述污染物的综合净化效果最好;从湿地植物单种和植物配置对污染物的净化效果比较来看,植物配置对pH值、TN的净化效果高于单种,而对COD和TP的净化效果低于单种,芦苇和睡菜适合与其他植物配置使用,而东方香蒲、蒿柳和水芹单种使用对污染物的综合净化效果高于与其他植物配置的效果。

Purification Efficiencies of Different Wetland Plants for Domestic Sewage in Beijing

This study aimed to investigate the purification efficiencies for domestic sewage in wetland plant ponds using five wetland plant species,Phragmites australis,Typha orientalis,Oenanthe javanica,Menyanthes trifoliate and Salix viminalis.Experiment with six plant dispositions was conducted in Yanqing County of Beijing from June to November 2008.After six months monitoring on pH,chemical oxygen demand(COD),total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP),the results indicated that wetland plants were capable of removing pollutants from wastewater,and the purification efficiencies increased with increasing temperature and plant growth before September,but this increasing tends slow down or the purification efficiencies decreased from September.Purification efficiencies for pollutants were different among the five wetland plant species and six wetland dispositions.For the five wetland plant species,Typha orientalis,Menyanthes trifoliate,Phragmites australis and Salix viminalis got the best purification efficiencies for pH,COD,TN and TP,respectively.The purification efficiencies of Typha orientalis and Salix viminalis were the greatest for all these four pollutants.Compared plant disposition with the single plant,plant dispositions were more efficient for pH and TN removing,but less efficient for COD and TP than single plants.Phragmites australis and Menyanthes trifoliate were suitable for plant dispositions with other species in pollutants removing,while the purification efficiencies of single Typha orientalis,Salix viminalis and Oenanthe javanica performed better compared to plant dispositions.