纤维素酶和多聚半乳糖醛酸酶与果实成熟

对果实成熟软化过程中组织超微结构变化以及Cx和PG对果实成熟软化的作用,Cx、PG在分子水平上的研究和尚待进一步研究的问题进行了系统综述:果实成熟软化与Cx、PG活性增强直接相关,PG在果实成熟软化过程中对果实着色也有着一定影响;编码Cx的基因已经在某些果实的cDNA文库中被鉴定;利用反义RNA技术对PG进行负调控是研究PG对果实成熟软化作用的主要手段。目前对Cx、PG在果实成熟过程中的作用研究主要集中在呼吸跃变型果实上,而在非呼吸跃变果实中的作用很可能有所不同。因此,研究Cx、PG在柑橘等非呼吸跃变果实成熟过程中的作用将是尚待研究的又一重要方向。

Advances in research on the effects of polygalacturonase and cellulase on fruit ripening

In this article the factors affecting fruit softening, including the ultrastructure of cell wall, cellulase (CX) and polygalacturonase (PG) activity, and the research on molecular level are reviewed. The activities of CX and PG are direct correlated with fruit softening. PG probably affects the pigmentation during fruit maturation. The coding genes of Cx have already been distinguished from cDNAs. The activity of PG can be markedly inhibited by antisense RNA technique, which plays an important role in study of the effect of PG in fruit. By now, the studies on CX and PG are highlighted in climacteric-fruits, the non-climacteric fruits likely have a different mechanism. So, the study on ripening and softening of citrus which is one of the non-climacteric fruits could be the important field for next steps.